Zn层添加AZ31/7075合金复合成形工艺及组织与性能研究

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000140

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摘要

通过在异种材料界面添加厚度为100 μm的Zn箔，采用预挤压与孔型轧制复合工艺成功制备出AZ31/7075复合材料，并利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)对复合界面进行表征及显微硬度测试，探究Zn过渡层在挤压复合孔型轧制过程中对产品的影响。结果表明：7075硬质铝合金芯部可细化AZ31镁合金，引入Zn过渡层可减少或者避免镁铝系金属间化合物生成；挤压及变形温升使Mg-Zn互扩散形成的低熔点共晶相熔化，同时加速元素自固相向液相扩散；然而降温冷却使Mg-Zn扩散层易出现不连续裂缝，但后续孔型轧制可显著改善；Mg-Zn扩散层经变形生成的MgZn₂金属间化合物具备较高的显微硬度(161HV)，但Mg-Zn扩散层变形后厚度则较薄，结合层整体硬度变化不明显。

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	余晖
	任军超
	杨鑫
	郭舒龙
	余炜
	冯建航
	殷福星
	辛光善

关键词 ：镁铝合金, Zn中间层, 复合成形, 微观组织, 显微硬度

Abstract：

AZ31/7075 composite with the addition of Zn foil (about 100 μm in thickness) in the dissimilar material interface was successfully fabricated by pre-extrusion+caliber rolling composite process. The microstructure evolution especially for the composite interface was characterized by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and the microhardness test was also performed. The effect of the Zn intermediate layer on the product during the extrusion and caliber rolling was explored. The results show the hard 7075 Al alloy as the core can refine the grain size of AZ31 alloy. In addition, introducing Zn intermediate layer can reduce or completely avoid the formation of Mg-Al intermetallic compounds. The temperature increased by extrusion and deformation results in the remelting of eutectic Mg-Zn phase, and the diffusion of both elements from the solid to the liquid phase are accelerated. However, discontinuous cracks can be observed in the Mg-Zn diffusion layer but will be healed after caliber rolling. The MgZn₂ intermetallic compound generated at Mg-Zn diffusion layer has high hardness (161HV), but the overall hardness of bonding layer is not changed a lot due to thinner thickness of the Mg-Zn diffusion layer after deformation.

Key words： Mg/Al alloy Zn intermediate layer compound forming microstructure microhardness

收稿日期: 2021-02-13 出版日期: 2022-03-19

中图分类号:

TG379

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51701060);天津市自然科学基金项目(18JCQNJC03900);河北省留学回国人员择优资助项目(C20190505);河北省高层次人才项目(141100);中央军委科技委基础加强项目(JCJQ-2019-142-00)

通讯作者: 余晖 E-mail: huiyu@vip.126.com

作者简介: 余晖(1984—)，男，教授，工学博士，研究方向为先进轻合金设计及其特种成型，联系地址：天津市北辰区西平道5430号河北工业大学机材楼330室(300401)，E-mail: huiyu@vip.126.com

引用本文:

余晖, 任军超, 杨鑫, 郭舒龙, 余炜, 冯建航, 殷福星, 辛光善. Zn层添加AZ31/7075合金复合成形工艺及组织与性能研究[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(3): 157-165.
Hui YU, Junchao REN, Xin YANG, Shulong GUO, Wei YU, Jianhang FENG, Fuxing YIN, Kwangseon SHIN. Fabrication, microstructure and property of AZ31/7075 composites with Zn intermediate layer. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(3): 157-165.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000140 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I3/157

Table 1 AZ31镁合金、7075铝合金和Zn箔化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 本实验采用铝合金和镁合金坯料
(a)尺寸图；(b)实物图

Fig.2 本实验用正挤压
(a)和孔型轧辊(b)示意图

Table 2 数值模拟涉及的坯料与模具热物性能

Fig.3 挤压过程及Deform^TM模拟结果
(a)复合挤压示意图；(b)金属流动网格图；(c)等效应力-应变云图；(d)速度-温度分布图

Fig.4 AZ31镁合金(a)及7075铝合金(b)光学显微组织

Fig.5 AZ31/7075预挤压与预挤压轧制复合材宏观组织

Fig.6 AZ31/7075复合材料界面光学显微组织
(a)预挤压材；(b)预挤压轧制复合材

Fig.7 AZ31/7075复合材料界面扫描电镜显微组织及能谱分析
(a)预挤压材；(b)预挤压轧制复合材

Fig.8 挤压与孔型轧制AZ31/Zn/7075复合材的光学显微组织
(a)预挤压材；(b)预挤压轧制复合材

Fig.9 AZ31/Zn/7075复合材料界面的扫描电镜显微组织(1)及对应能谱点面扫描分析(2)(a)预挤压材；(b)预挤压轧制复合材

Table 3 图 9(a-1)和(b-1)中1~9点的EDS元素分析及过渡相

Fig.10 Zn添加前后对AZ31/7075复合材料界面显微硬度对比图
(a)整体；(b)局部

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