DP980高强钢动态拉伸力学行为

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.000731

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摘要

对比分析DP980高强钢在应变速率10^-3~10³s^-1范围内的动态拉伸实验结果，研究其力学行为以及断裂模式特点。结果表明：应变速率从准静态（10^-3s^-1）增加至10⁰s^-1过程中，强度基本保持不变，塑性下降了7.5%；应变速率从10⁰s^-1增加至10³s^-1过程中，强度不断增大，而塑性在10⁰~10²s^-1范围内上升14%，随后在10²~10³s^-1范围内下降了24.7%；应变速率敏感系数m始终随应变速率的增加而升高。变形过程中，位错增殖强化和加速阻力是强度上升的主要原因。塑性变形集中在铁素体中，微孔裂纹主要沿马氏体/铁素体交界扩展。试样沿厚度方向上的宏观断口，在应变速率小于10¹s^-1时呈“V”形杯锥状，在应变速率高于10¹s^-1时则是与拉伸方向成约45°的纯剪切型。

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	田文扬
	刘奋
	韦春华
	夏卫生
	杨云珍

关键词 ：双相高强钢, 动态拉伸, 应变速率, 力学行为, 断口形貌

Abstract：

The mechanical behavior and fracture modes of DP980 high strength steels were studied by comparing the results of dynamic tensile tests at strain rates from 10^-3s^-1 to 10³s^-1. The results show that the strength of DP980 steel remains almost unchanged and the plasticity decreases by 7.5% as the strain rate increasing from quasi-static (10^-3s^-1) to 10⁰s^-1. When the strain rate increases from 10⁰s^-1 to 10³s^-1, the strength keeps increasing, while the plasticity increases by 14% at the strain rate ranging from 10⁰s^-1 to 10²s^-1, but then follows by a decrease of 24.7% in the range of 10²s^-1 to 10³s^-1. The strain rate sensitivity coefficient m increases with the increasing of the strain rate. During the plastic deformation, the multiplication reinforcement of dislocation and the motion resistance due to the acceleration of dislocation in ferrite matrix are the main reasons for the strength enhancement. The plastic deformation concentrates in the ferrite, and the microvoids and cracks propagate along the martensite-ferrite interface. In the thickness direction of specimen, the macrographs of fracture are "V" shape cups when strain rate is lower than 10¹s^-1, but the pure sheer shape with 45° to the tensile direction when strain rate is over 10¹s^-1.

Key words： dual-phase high strength steel dynamic tensile strain rate mechanical behavior fractograph

收稿日期: 2015-06-09 出版日期: 2017-03-22

中图分类号:

O347.3

通讯作者: 杨云珍 E-mail: yangyunzhen@whut.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨云珍 (1977-), 女, 博士, 讲师, 研究方向为汽车轻量化、汽车振动与碰撞安全性, 联系地址:湖北省武汉市洪山区珞狮路122号武汉理工大学汽车工程学院 (430070), E-mail:yangyunzhen@whut.edu.cn

引用本文:

田文扬, 刘奋, 韦春华, 夏卫生, 杨云珍. DP980高强钢动态拉伸力学行为[J]. 材料工程, 2017, 45(3): 47-53.
Wen-yang TIAN, Fen LIU, Chun-hua WEI, Wei-sheng XIA, Yun-zhen YANG. Mechanical Behavior of DP980 High Strength Steel Under Dynamic Tensile Tests. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2017, 45(3): 47-53.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.000731 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2017/V45/I3/47

Table 1 DP980钢的化学成分 (质量分数/%)

Fig.1 拉伸试样尺寸示意图

Fig.2 DP980钢的微观组织

Fig.3 不同应变速率下DP980钢的拉伸性能 (a) 应力-应变速率；(b) 断后伸长率-应变速率

Fig.4 DP980钢的应力-应变曲线

Fig.5 DP980钢应变速率敏感系数随应变速率的变化

Fig.6 不同应变速率下DP980钢沿厚度方向的宏观断口形貌 (a)10^-3s^-1; (b)10^-2s^-1；(c)10^-1s^-1；(d)10⁰s^-1；(e)10¹s^-1；(f)10²s^-1；(g)10³s^-1

Fig.7 不同应变速率下DP980钢的显微断口形貌 (a)10^-3s^-1；(b)10^-2s^-1；(c)10^-1s^-1；(d)10⁰s^-1；(e)10¹s^-1；(f)10²s^-1；(g)10³s^-1

Fig.8 断口侧面裂纹的SEM像

Fig.9 “V”形杯锥断口的形成示意图

Fig.10 纯剪切断口的形成示意图及断口处的SEM像 (a) 断口所测位置；(b) 断口形成示意图；(c) A处韧窝；(d) B处韧窝

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