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Friction and wear properties of foam ceramic/metal bi-continuous phase composites under continuous braking conditions |
Yang HUI1, Guimin LIU1,*( ), Hai LAN2, Jianhua DU3 |
1 Department of Equipment Maintenance and Remanufacturing Engineering, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing 100072, China 2 Science and Technology on Vehicle Transmission Laboratory, China North Vehicle Research Institute, Beijing 100072, China 3 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
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Abstract In order to solve the overheating failure problem of mechanical brakes of special tracked vehicles, SiC/Cu and SiC/Fe bi-continuous composites were prepared by squeeze casting method. The friction and wear properties of the two composites under continuous emergency braking and continuous high temperature braking conditions were studied. The variation of friction coefficient, temperature and wear rate was analysed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and 3D profiler, and the wear mechanism was described. The results show that in the continuous emergency braking test, the contact surface experiences the process of tribo-film formation and interlayer fracture.Friction coefficient decreases slightly with the increase of joining times and tends to be stable. In the first 40 joining, the wear rates of SiC/Cu and SiC/Fe friction pairs decrease overall. During 40-60 joining, the adhesion wear, oxidation wear and fatigue wear of the SiC/Cu friction pair are aggravated, and the wear rate increases, while the wear rate of the SiC/Fe friction pair is mainly abrasive wear, and the wear rate is low. In the continuous high temperature braking test, the friction coefficient increases gradually and the braking time decreases gradually in the first six joining. After the sixth joining, the adhesion wear and fatigue wear in the edge area of the friction pair result in the decrease of the torque, and the friction coefficient and braking time both show a trend of decrease at first and then increase. In the process of continuous high temperature braking, severe adhesive wear is the main factor. The wear rates of SiC/Cu and SiC/Fe friction pairs increase with the increase of joining times.
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Received: 02 June 2021
Published: 18 April 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
Guimin LIU
E-mail: liuguimin1971@sina.com
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Friction component | Technical requirement/mesh | SiO2 | 120-180 | Co | ≤300 | Cr | ≤300 | Ni | ≤300 | Mo | ≤300 |
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Technical requirements for friction components
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Schematic diagram of test condition
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Micromorphologies of ceramic/metal bi-continuous phase composites (a)SEM morphology of SiC/Cu;(b) SEM morphology of SiC/Fe;(c)CBS morphology of the SiC/Cu mesh area;(d)CBS morphology of SiC/Fe mesh area
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Area in fig. 2 | Element | Mass fraction/% | A | Cu | 90.02 | | Other | 9.98 | B | Si | 36.19 | | O | 56.84 | | Other | 6.97 | C | Fe | 90.41 | | Other | 9.59 | D | Co | 56.87 | | Cr | 25.52 | | Ni | 4.32 | | Mo | 6.01 | | Other | 7.28 | E | Fe | 91.53 | | Other | 8.47 | F | C | 79.79 | | Other | 20.21 |
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EDS component analysis of ceramic/metal bi-continuous phase composites
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Average friction coefficient and maximum temperature curves during continuous emergency braking
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Three-dimensional morphologies of wear scar of SiC/Cu friction pair (1) and SiC/Fe friction pair (2) during continuous emergency braking (a)the 10th joining;(b)the 30th joining;(c)the 50th joining
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Average torque and braking time curves during continuous emergency braking
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Wear rate of friction pair during continuous emergency braking
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Instantaneous friction coefficient (a) and temperature (b) curves during continuous high temperature braking
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Three-dimensional morphologies of wear scar of SiC/Cu friction pair (1) and SiC/Fe friction pair (2) during continuous high temperature braking (a)before the first joining;(b)after the first joining;(c)the 6th joining
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Wear rate of friction pair during continuous high temperature braking
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Micromorphologies of wear scar of SiC/Cu friction pair after continuous emergency braking (a)internal area;(b)external area;(c)central area
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Micromorphologies of wear scar of SiC/Fe friction pair after continuous emergency braking (a)internal area;(b)external area;(c)central area
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Area | Mass fraction/% | Cu | Fe | Si | O | C | Other | G | 5.54 | 10.84 | 28.08 | 47.36 | 7.33 | 0.85 | H | 5.60 | 4.26 | 33.54 | 23.89 | 31.94 | 0.77 | Fig. 11(c) | 27.85 | 30.50 | 8.29 | 10.62 | 19.34 | 3.40 |
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EDS component analysis of selected areas in fig. 10 and fig. 11
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Micromorphologies of wear scar of SiC/Cu friction pair after continuous high temperature braking (a)internal area;(b)external area;(c)central area
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Micromorphologies of wear scar of SiC/Fe friction pair after continuous high temperature braking (a)internal area;(b)external area;(c)central area
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Area | Mass fraction/% | Cu | Fe | Si | O | C | Other | I | 8.13 | 4.78 | 28.26 | 44.41 | 13.03 | 1.39 | J | 35.75 | 18.98 | 11.57 | 15.93 | 14.73 | 3.04 | K | 7.41 | 53.30 | 15.08 | 5.23 | 12.89 | 6.09 |
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EDS component analysis of selected areas in fig. 12 and fig. 13
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