- Ei，ESCI收录期刊
- 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心期刊
- 中文核心期刊
- 文摘与引文数据库(Scopus)
- 剑桥科学文摘(CSA)
The pollution of heavy metal ions in wastewater has caused serious harm to human health, and the adsorption method has attracted much attention because of its high efficiency, economy, simplicity, and good selectivity. SiO2 aerogel is a potential adsorbent for removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater due to its high specific surface area (>500 m2/g), high porosity (>80%), controllable surface group and good physical/chemical stability. Herein, the preparation methods of SiO2 aerogel and its effect on microstructure were briefly introduced, focusing on the functionalization methods of SiO2 aerogel and the adsorption performance and factors of functionalized SiO2 aerogel for the adsorption of heavy metal ions in wastewater, and the adsorption mechanism and adsorption kinetics process of functionalized SiO2 aerogel as heavy metal ions adsorbent were analyzed. It was pointed out that the controllable preparation with low cost and short process, effective functionalization and efficient adsorption of various heavy metal ions are the future development directions of SiO2 aerogels as absorbent.
Implant infection is one of the most common and serious complications in orthopedics, and it is also an important reason for the failure of implant surgery. When bacteria form a biofilm on the implant surface, it is extremely difficult to be eliminated and attracts more bacteria and fungi. A large number of studies have shown that the use of surface modification technology can effectively reduce the adhesion and accumulation of pathogenic bacteria, thereby preventing peri-implant infection. The formation process of bacterial biofilm on the surface of orthopedic implants and the antibacterial mechanism of metal antibacterial agents were first analyzed. Then, some of the most widely used metal-based inorganic antibacterial coatings at home and abroad and their related preparation processes were reviewed, the problems and improvement methods in the application of these coatings were also discussed, and the development direction of inorganic antibacterial coatings in the future was prospected, such as synergistic antibacterial coatings and bone-promoting antibacterial coatings.
Lithium-ion capacitors are energy storage devices between lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, which have both high energy density and high power density, and are considered as one of the most promising energy storage systems. In this paper, the research progress of carbon-based and lithium-embedded cathode materials in recent years was summarized, and the classification and modification methods of carbon-based and lithium-embedded electrode materials were introduced in detail. In order to further improve the performance of lithium-ion capacitors, researchers further optimized the cathode materials by means of microstructure regulation, surface modification, doping modification and composite materials, and carried out cathode and anode dynamic matching to comprehensively improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion capacitors. Finally, the research hotspots and development directions of cathode materials for lithium-ion capacitors in the future were reviewed in order to provide good electrochemical properties for the next generation of cathode materials for commercial applications.
Hydrogel is a cross-linked three-dimensional network hydrophilic polymer material, which can absorb and retain a large amount of water and maintain a certain shape. In recent years, with the depletion of petroleum resources and the increasing attention of human beings to environmental issues, natural or modified polymer synthetic polymer hydrogels have become a research hotspot. Cellulose and its derivatives are a large class of renewable natural polymer materials, which have the characteristics of rich resources, wide variety, non-toxic and renewable, etc. The synthesized cellulose-based hydrogel has good water absorption, water retention, biocompatibility and biodegradability, etc., which can be used in medical, environment, agriculture and other fields. The research progress of the construction and application of cellulose-based hydrogels in recent years was reviewed in this paper. The microscopic network structure is combined with the macroscopic properties of the hydrogel. The mechanical properties, swelling properties and adsorption properties of the single network, interpenetrating network and semi-interpenetrating network cellulose-based hydrogels were summarized, and their applications in medical, environmental, agricultural and electronic fields were introduced. The development of cellulose-based hydrogels with both mechanical properties and biocompatibility, and the development of more green economic methods for the synthesis of cellulose-based hydrogels for industrial applications were proposed.
People not only face the increasing depletion of primary resources, but also the difficult disposal of solid waste caused by consumption of primary resources. On the basis of fully investigating properties of steel slag, the steel slag-based functional filler has been researched and developed according to the characteristics of steel slag. It has been used in the fields of rubber, coatings and plastics, hoping to realize the cross-industry ecological chain and high value-added utilization of steel slag, which has great economic value and important practical significance. Steel slag-based functional filler has the characteristics of strong adsorption, small particle size, and good compatibility with organic systems. Therefore, it is potential to be widely used in rubber conveyor belts, steel structure anti-rust coatings, architectural exterior wall coatings, man-made composite panels and other fields. In this paper, the characteristics of steel slag and the preparation principle of steel slag-based functional fillers were firstly briefly introduced, and then, the situation of steel slag-based functional fillers used as rubber fillers, paint pigments, and plastic fillers was specifically analyzed. Secondly, the characteristics of steel slag-based functional fillers used in rubber composite materials, building exterior wall primers, building exterior wall coatings, and PVC micro-foamed sheets were pointed out respectively in detail. Then, the application limitations of current steel slag-based functional fillers were reviewed. Eventually, it was proposed to optimize the performance of steel slag-based functional fillers and develop multi-solid waste-based synergistic composite functional fillers, which will be the main development directions of steel slag-based functional fillers in the future.
The effect of secondary γ' phase evolution on the creep properties of single crystal superalloy DD6 was investigated at 760℃/785 MPa and 980℃/250 MPa by FESEM and TEM. The results indicate that the secondary γ' phases in DD6 alloy with standard heat treatment are precipitated in the matrix channel after exposure at 1120℃/4 h/AC. Since the secondary γ' phases in the matrix prevent the a/2〈011〉 dislocation gliding in the matrix channel and promote the {111}〈112〉 slip operated in the primary γ' phases at the beginning of creep at 760℃/785 MPa, the secondary γ' phases in the matrix channel decrease the incubation period and significantly improve the primary strain and creep rate. The secondary γ' phases in the matrix will dissolve rapidly at the beginning of creep at 980℃/250 MPa, therefore, the secondary γ' phases have no influence on the creep behaviour of 980℃/250 MPa.
A Ti/Al/Cu clad sheet was fabricated by using horizontal twin-roll casting (HTRC) with the application of pulsed electric field (PEF) and electromagnetic oscillation field (EOF), and the effects of different external fields on interfacial bonding strength were studied. The results show that the external electromagnetic fields have little influence on the stability of HTRC process. With the application of PEF and EOF, the width of diffusion layer at the Ti/Al and Cu/Al interface increases obviously. The interface bonding strength is significantly improved. When the EOF is applied, the electromagnetic volumetric force is generated in the liquid cavity of cast-rolling zone. Under the action of the electromagnetic volume force, aluminum melt oscillates repeatedly, which scours the surface of the strips and makes the newly formed crystal nuclei fall off the surface of strips. In addition, the oscillation effect reduces the temperature gradient at the contact area between strip and melt and slows down the solidification process, thus prolonging the contact time between aluminum and strips. All of these effects make the melt spread more sufficient on the surface of strips and promote the interdi-ffusion between atoms.As a result, more metallurgical bonding regions are formed and enhanced.
7075-(0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, mass fraction)Li alloy was prepared by hot pressing sintering, and the effects of Li on microstructure and friction and wear behavior of 7075 Al alloy were investigated. The results show that the density of 7075-0.5Li alloy reaches above 99% at sintering pressure of 60 kN. Al alloy consists of α-Al, η and S' phases. With the increase of Li content to 2%, the η phase decreases, δ' and δ phases increase, but α-Al is still the main phase. The hardness and wear rate of Al alloy are 71.25HV and 3.50×10-3 mm3·N-1·m-1, respectively. As the Li content increases, the hardness of Al-Li alloy decreases and the wear rate increases. However, 7075-0.5Li exhibits higher hardness and lower wear rate than those of Al alloy. Both oxidation wear and adhesion wear occurs in 7075-Li alloy. With the increase of Li content, the η phase is reduced, the hardness decreases, the brittleness of Al2O3 is high which has a weak bonding with the matrix, and the dendrite spacing of microstructure widens, resulting in the transition from the abrasive wear to adhesive wear of the alloy, and therefore the wear resistance gradually decreases. Compared with Al alloy, 7075-0.5Li alloy prepared by hot pressing sintering shows a better wear resistance.
The MCF-30 testing machine was used to simulate scour of Yellow River Water and Sediment, and the eroding mechanism of high strength and tough medium Mn steel and the relationship of the anti-abrasion performance and mechanical properties with several materials used for pump impeller were studied. The results show that the microcracking is often initiated at the interfaces of austenite and martensite and gradually develops into cavitation pits, the latter finally grows to much larger scale pits due to aggravated cavitation and damage caused by water and sediment impact. At the same time, the increase of phase interface leads to the decrease of the anti-abrasion performance. As the temperature increases, the austenite volume fraction of medium Mn steel increases from 16.4% to 22.9%, and the mass loss rate increases from 2.6 g·m-2·h-1 to 7.8 g·m-2·h-1. In addition, both mechanical properties and abrasion mass loss of studied medium Mn steel are compared with several metallic materials currently used in pump impeller of Yellow River.It was found that higher hardness leads to reduce erosion mass loss in the case of no occurrence of brittle macrocracking; when the materials undergo plastic deformation during scouring, ultimate tensile strength determines the anti-abrasion resistance; in the case of similar hardness, higher ductility and toughness may also improve abrasion resistance. Since the developed medium Mn steel has the better combination of tensile strength-work hardening ability-hardness-toughness than other materials currently used, it is expected to have a high potential of being used in pump impellor with prolonged life for the irrigation works of Yellow River.
With the increasing application of Al-Li alloy in the aerospace field, the study of its anisotropy is conducive to the further development and utilization of Al-Li alloy. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer and electron back-scattered diffraction were used to observe the microstructure of 2050 Al-Li alloy with T3 status. The three-dimensional anisotropy of tensile mechanical properties of alloy plates was studied by tensile test. The results show that the strength of the rolling middle layer of 2050 Al-Li alloy plate with T3 status is the highest, the yield strength is 370 MPa, The tensile strength is 465 MPa, the elongation is the lowest at 9.6%. The transverse surface strength of alloy plate is the lowest, the yield strength is 325 MPa, the tensile strength is 431 MPa, and the elongation is the highest at 19.2%. The fracture morphology and grain size in different thickness of alloy plate are different. The grains in the surface region are thin and compact with small size, while the grains in the middle region are wide and flat with large size. The anisotropy of different thickness of 2050 Al-Li alloy plate is different: the anisotropy of yield strength and tensile strength in surface and middle region is strong, and the anisotropy of elongation is low, while the anisotropy of yield strength and tensile strength in central region is low, the anisotropy of elongation is strong. The anisotropy of different thickness of 2050 Al-Li alloy rolled plate is mainly formed by the grain orientation and texture. The strongest texture type of surface area and central area is {011}〈211〉 brass texture.
7A85-T74 forged aluminum alloy was chosen as the experimental material, and the microstructure, tensile properties and impact energy of the alloy were investigated after 5 h of thermal exposure at room temperature to 240℃. The mechanism of the influence of the microstructure on the mechanical properties of 7A85-T74 aluminum alloy was also analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the grain size of 7A85-T74 aluminum alloy does not change much in the temperature range of 80-240℃, but the precipitation phase changes significantly with the increase of temperature. Below 120℃, the precipitate size, tensile properties and impact absorption energy do not change significantly with increasing thermal exposure temperature, and the precipitation strengthening mechanism is a mixture of dislocation cutting precipitates and dislocation bypassing precipitates. With the increase of the thermal exposure temperature from 120℃ to 240℃, the precipitate average radius increases from 3.8 nm at room temperature to 12.3 nm, and the precipitate changes from η' phase to η phase. The yield strength and tensile strength of the alloy decrease significantly by 45.7% and 33.5% respectively compared with that of room temperature and the elongation, reduction of area and impact energy of the alloy increase significantly. The precipitation strengthening mechanism changes to dislocation bypassing precipitates, and the fracture mode changes from mixed fracture consisting of intergranular fracture and dimple transgranular fracture to dimple transgranular fracture. The effect of precipitate size on the strength and impact energy of the alloy discusses based on the precipitation strengthening theory, and the results of the theoretical analysis are consistent with the experimental results.
16MnNiV steel is developed from 16Mn and 16MnV steel. After hot-perforated rolling into tube, cold rolling, cold drawing and heat treatment are carried out to prepare high pressure tubes with high caliber. The microstructure and mechanical properties of 16MnNiV seamless steel tube of small diameter were studied by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and physicochemical phase analysis. The microstructure and the change of the second phase precipitation were revealed, and the strengthening increment was calculated. The relevant results can provide a reference for the material development and performance improvement of high strength high pressure tubes. The results show that the main structure of the experimental steel in the process of drawing the tube is ferrite and pearlite. In the case of precipitation, annealing after one pull increases the total amount of precipitation, and annealing after the second pull does not change the total amount of precipitation. It is known from EDS analysis that the precipitated second phase particle is VC. The tensile strength and yield strength of the experimental steel are gradually increased and the elongation rate decreases after cold drawing and different heat treatment processes. It can be seen that the increase of yield strength of experimental steel mainly comes from the contribution of fine crystal reinforcement due to the large deformation of cold extraction process. After heat treatment, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation rate of ϕ6.35 mm×3 mm round tubes reach over 960, 864 MPa and 15.5%. Compared with other high pressure tubing products of 16Mn series, the mechanical properties are greatly improved and good strong plastic matching is obtained.
USRP (ultrasonic surface rolling processing) was used to change the surface layer of 6061 aluminum alloy, so as to realize the change of the second phase microstructure of 6061 aluminum alloy by USRP under different static pressure conditions to improve corrosion resistant, which was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, laser confocal microscopy, scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy, etc. Based on the principle of microzone galvanic corrosion and considering the impedance of solution and oxide, the correlation law between the size of the second phase and the development of local corrosion was obtained. The effect of the size of the second phase on the development of local corrosion was verified by in-situ observation using laser confocal microscope. The results show that the initial self-corrosion current density of aluminum alloy in 3.5%(mass fraction) NaCl solution is only 1/15 of that of the untreated sample, the corrosion rate is reduced by 93.04%, when the surface layer is rolled with 0.10 MPa static pressure. The Mg2Si phase has no significant morphology change during the rolling process, and it has no significant effect on the corrosion performance before and after USRP. The AlFeSi phases with long strip continuous distribution are refined into micro- and nano-scale dispersion distributions under the action of USRP. The fully refined AlFeSi phase weakens the galvanic corrosion effect due to the reduction of the local anode/cathode area ratio of the corrosion microcell, which promotes the metastable pitting nucleation rate of the aluminum alloy matrix, but also cause the rapid dissolution of the aluminum alloy itself. When self-dissolution occurs or Al2O3 oxide film is formed in the inner wall of metastable corrosion hole, the electrochemical corrosion effect of AlFeSi relative to aluminum alloy matrix is greatly weakened, so as to improve the corrosion resistance of 6061 aluminum alloy as a whole.
With the current-assisted bonding technology, the rapid brazing of SiC ceramics was realized at 1125℃ with CoFeCrNiCuTi2 high-entropy alloy as the bonding layer material, which improves the bonding efficiency and ensures the full diffusion of elements. The influence of brazing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the bonding interface was studied. The results show that the obtained brazed joint has no obvious defects and the weld microstructure is mainly composed of high-entropy FCC, TiC phase and Cr23C6 phase. The formation of TiC reaction layer with dense interface inhibits the decomposition of high-entropy alloy and the formation of intermetallic compounds to a certain extent, and relieves the thermal stress between interface matrix SiC and high-entropy alloy filler. At the same time, due to the delayed diffusion effect of high-entropy alloy filler, the filler in the center of weld still keeps the FCC structure of high-entropy alloy. The mechanical test shows that the strength of brazed joint decreases at first and then increases. When the joining temperature is 1125℃, the maximum bending strength of SiC joint is 37 MPa, which is higher than that of ordinary Ni-based filler by about 21.3 MPa.
Considering that a personal car spends about 95% of its life in parking mode, calendar aging can have a significant impact on battery life. High temperature storage is a common method for rapid evaluation of battery calendar life. In order to obtain reliable results of high temperature accelerated aging test, it is necessary to study the aging mechanism of battery stored at different temperature conditions. In this paper, the calendar aging experiment of graphite-SiOx/NCM811 pouch cells were carried out within the temperature range of 25-55℃. The differential curve analysis and post-mortem analysis were used to explore the aging mechanism. The results show that the calendar aging of pouch cells is mainly caused by the loss of lithium inventory and the loss of cathode active materials. When cells store at higher temperature, the loss of lithium inventory and the loss of cathode active materials increase, while the loss of anode active materials remains relatively unchanged. Based on various test results, it can be inferred that the parasitic reactions on the surface of electrode lead to the loss of lithium inventory and the increase of SEI. With the increase of storage temperature, this side reaction continues and consumes more lithium inventory. It is worth mentioning that when storage at 55℃, the microcracking develops and even breaks some of the secondary particles of cathode materials. Therefore, the pouch cells suffer severe loss of cathode active materials, which makes it inappropriate to accelerate the aging of batteries at such high temperature.
Na3V2(PO4)3(NVP) in aqueous sodium-ion batteries cathode material was prepared by hydrothermal method and doped with non-metallic N and metal ions Al and Mn to improve the electrochemical performance of NVP. The effects of doping amount on the performance modification of NVP were investigated. When the doping amount of Mn is 0.08 mol, the samples have an obvious layered structure and show the best discharge specific capacity of 439.8 F/g. The structure and morphology of NVP were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and XPS, and the electrochemical performance of the sample was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and charge and discharge test. The results show that all the samples are pure NVP, and ion doping does not change the crystal structure of NVP. Al doping improves the dispersion of particles, and N, Mn doping forms obvious layered structure. The discharge specific capacity of NVP is 342 F/g, and 380.8, 405, 439.8 F/g for NVP/N, NVP/Al, NVP/Mn, at a current rate of 1 A/g. Thus, it can be seen that doping with appropriate amounts of metal ions and non-metal elements can significantly improve the aqueous electrochemical performance of NVP.
An anion-cation co-doping strategy was proposed, and the Mn and P co-doped MoS2 microflowers (Mn, P)-MoS2 catalyst were prepared successfully by one-step hydrothermal reaction for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). The structure, morphology, chemical composition and valence state were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, and the HER performance was performed by electrochemical workstation for (Mn, P)-MoS2. The results show that Mn and P atoms are successfully incorporated into the MoS2 lattice, and the hydrogen evolution overpotential of (Mn, P)-MoS2 at a current density of 10 mA·cm-2 is 235 mV and a small Tafel slope of 61.2 mV·dec-1, which are lower than those of the pure MoS2 and Mn-cation or P-anion doped MoS2. Meanwhile, (Mn, P)-MoS2 presents excellent HER stability. The excellent HER performance of (Mn, P)-MoS2 could be attributed to: the incorporation of Mn and P activates the inert basal plane, optimizes the electronic structure and increases the conductivity of MoS2. The synergistic interaction between Mn and P realizes the complementary advantage of single anion or cation doping, and it increases the number of active sites at basal plane for hydrogen evolution, thus speeding up the Volmer electrochemical desorption step.
Optimizing insulation technique plays a vital role in developing high performance magnetic powder core. Uniform dense titanium dioxide insulation layer was successfully coated on atomized Fe-Si-Al powder through hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate and the effect of water content on insulation quality was systematically investigated. The influences of titanium oxide insulation layer on electromagnetic properties of corresponding powder cores were also discussed. The results show that when the mass of water is increased from 10% to 40% of Fe-Si-Al powder, the insulation layer on particle surface first grows thicker and then becomes loose. High water content favors quick hydrolysis and condensation, while too large volumes of water leads to excessively high hydrolysis rate, which is adverse to the uniform growth and crystallization of titanium dioxide insulation layer. It is proven that uniform and dense insulation layer would contribute to the increase of resistivity under the premise of high density of powder core, which is conducive to the suppression of eddy current and frequency stability of permeability. When the mass of water is 20% of Fe-Si-Al powder, the prepared corresponding powder core has the optimal overall performance, the permeability is as high as 82, the resistivity is up to 1022.35 kΩ·cm and the core loss is as low as 77.63 mW/cm3 (at 100 kHz and 50 mT).
A series of processable and high-temperature resistant polyimide resins terminated with 4-phenylethynyl phthalic anhydride were synthesized by PMR (for in situ polymerization of monomer reactants) using isopropyl alcohol as esterifying agent. The resin solution stored at room temperature for sixteen weeks has no solid precipitation, and the viscosity of the solution does not change significantly, which shows good storage stability at room temperature. The minimum melt viscosity of the imide oligomers is less than 300 Pa·s, which is suitable for compression moulding or autoclaved process. The cured polyimides exhibit extremely high glass transition temperatures (Tg) up to 462℃. The flexural strength and modulus of T300/PMR-PE-2 carbon fiber composite are 963 MPa and 53 GPa, respectively. The inter-laminar shear strength of the composite is 56 MPa. Moreover, the composite can maintain no lower than 66% of their room temperature mechanical properties at 300℃. After isothermal aging in air atmosphere for 500 h at 300℃, the mass loss of the composite is only 0.96%, meanwhile, the composite retention rate maintains 72% of its room temperature flexural strength and 98% of its room temperature inter-laminar shear strength, which demonstrates its excellent thermal-oxidative aging resistance.
In order to obtain polyurethane elastomer (PUE) for reducing the vibration and noisy in deep-water environments, toluene diisocyanate (TDI), polypropylene glycol 2000 (PPG2000) and triethanolamine (TEA) were selected as raw materials, and the effects of hard segment content, R value and synthesis route on damping property and compression modulus of PUE were explored. Results reveal that the tanδ of PUE could be decreased with the increase of hard segment content, while the compression modulus increases. With the increase of R value, Tg increases, the compression modulus first increases and then decreases, reaching a peak when R=2. The prepolymer process and one-step process have little effect on the tanδ, but the compression modulus of PUE synthesized by prepolymer process is obviously greater than that of one-step process, which is more in line with the requirements of high damping/strong pressure resistance. It was observed that the compression modulus of PUE can be effectively improved by increasing the stiffness of molecular chain, the degree of hydrogen bonding and the uniformity of hard segment micro region distribution, but for damping property have a negative impact.
The selectively etch nature balsa wood, leading to a wood sponge with three-dimensional(3D) lamellar structure. After loading a certain proportion of reduced graphene oxide(rGO) and graphene nanosheets(GNP), the graphene-wood sponge(G-WS)/epoxy resin composite was prepared by vacuum impregnation and curing with epoxy resin. After loading graphene via hydrothermal reduction, graphene oxide(GO) is reduced to rGO. During the self-assembly of rGO sheets, GNP are wrapped and connected by rGO sheets by π-π interactions. Meanwhile, G-WS can also maintain the good 3D structure after vacuum impregnation. The lamellar structure inherited from the wood stock that can lead to anisotropic conductivity G-WS with epoxy resin, at loading of 1.45%(mass fraction, the same below), represents a high through-plane thermal conductivity of 1.59 W·m-1·K-1, compared to the neat epoxy matrix, which is equivalent to a significant enhancement 457% of per 1% loading. The lamellar structure made the G-WS can achieve 80% compression and 40% deformation and compression cycles for 100 times without significant deformation.
Two different sizes of graphene oxide (GO) produced by the Hummers method had been incorporated into epoxy resins and used to fabricate GO modified carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites (GO/CF/EP) by compression molding method, and the composite material was processed under damp and heat conditions. The modification effects of dry and wet composite materials were investigated through interlayer shear performance, dynamic thermomechanical properties and microscopic morphology. The results indicate that GO has a good improvement on the interlaminar shear strength and glass transition temperature of composite materials. In the dry state at room temperature, two sizes of GO have basically the same improvement effect on the interlaminar shear strength of the composite. With the increase of GO content, the small size of GO makes the hygrothermal interlaminar shear strength of composites decrease faster. When the GO content is 0.1%(mass fraction, the same as below), the improvement of the interlaminar shear performance of the composite material is better, however, the glass transition temperature of the composite material is better when the GO content is 0.2%. With the increase of GO content, the exothermic peak of the GO-EP composite resin matrix shifts to low temperature, and the small size of GO shortens the gel time of the composite resin. The micro-morphology analysis shows the presence of GO is beneficial for increasing the crack propagation path during the failure of composite material, thereby more conducive to the dissipate the crack tip energy by the material.
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