18CrNiMo7-6合金钢的弯曲微动疲劳特性

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.000488

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摘要

对18CrNiMo7-6合金钢进行弯曲微动疲劳实验，建立弯曲微动疲劳S-N曲线，并对实验结果进行分析。结果表明：该合金钢的弯曲微动疲劳S-N曲线不同于中碳钢材料，也不同于常规弯曲疲劳，而是呈"ε"型曲线特征。随着弯曲疲劳应力的增加，微动运行区域由部分滑移区向混合区和滑移区转变，损伤区的磨损机制以剥层、磨粒磨损和氧化磨损为主。在混合区内，裂纹最易萌生和扩展，且裂纹均萌生于材料接触区次表面。受接触应力和弯曲疲劳应力影响，弯曲微动疲劳裂纹的萌生和扩展可分为三个阶段：初期，在接触应力控制下，裂纹萌生于次表面；随后，裂纹受接触应力和弯曲疲劳应力共同控制，转向更大角度方向扩展；最后，裂纹完全受弯曲疲劳应力控制而垂直于接触表面扩展，直至断裂失效。

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	申颜团
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	朱旻昊

关键词 ：弯曲微动疲劳, 微动损伤, 疲劳寿命, 裂纹扩展

Abstract：

A series of bending fretting fatigue tests of 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel were carried out, the bending fretting fatigue S-N curve was built up, and an analysis was made on the test results. The results show that, the S-N curve of 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel presents a shape of "ε" curve, which is different from the medium carbon steel, and also different from the plain bending fatigue. With the increase of the bending fatigue stress, the fretting regime transforms from partial slip regime to mixed regime and slip regime. The wear mechanisms of fretting damage zones mainly are delaminated, abrasive wear and oxidative wear. In the mixed regime, the cracks are easy to initiate and propagate, and the cracks all originate from the subsurface of contact zone. Due to the different influence levels of the contact stress and bending fatigue stress, the initiation and propagation of the bending fretting fatigue cracks can be divided into three stages. Firstly, the cracks initiate from subsurface under the control of contact stress; then propagate to a larger angle direction under the joint control of contact stress and bending fatigue stress; lastly the cracks propagate vertically to contact surface until fracture failure under the control of bending fatigue stress.

Key words： bending fretting fatigue fretting damage fatigue life crack propagation

收稿日期: 2015-04-23 出版日期: 2017-07-21

中图分类号:

TH117.1

基金资助:国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(51025519);教育部创新团队资助项目(IRT1178);国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(51305364);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2682014BR031)

通讯作者: 朱旻昊 E-mail: zhuminhao@swjtu.cn

作者简介: 朱旻昊(1968-), 男, 教授, 博导, 从事专业:摩擦学、表面工程, 联系地址:四川省成都市二环路北一段111号西南交通大学(610031), E-mail:zhuminhao@swjtu.cn

引用本文:

申颜团, 彭金方, 徐志彪, 刘建华, 蔡振兵, 朱旻昊. 18CrNiMo7-6合金钢的弯曲微动疲劳特性[J]. 材料工程, 2017, 45(7): 103-110.
Yan-tuan SHEN, Jin-fang PENG, Zhi-biao XU, Jian-hua LIU, Zhen-bing CAI, Min-hao ZHU. Bending Fretting Fatigue Characteristics of 18CrNiMo7-6 Alloy Steel. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2017, 45(7): 103-110.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.000488 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2017/V45/I7/103

Table 1 实验合金钢的主要成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 弯曲微动疲劳试样尺寸图

Table 2 弯曲疲劳载荷与最大弯曲应力

Fig.2 弯曲微动疲劳S-N曲线

Fig.3 不同弯曲疲劳应力下接触区损伤形貌
(a)F=8.00kN, σ_{a, max}=895.2MPa; (b)F=8.50kN, σ_{a, max}=951.2MPa; (c)F=9.00kN, σ_{a, max}=1007.2MPa

Fig.4 部分滑移区的微动损伤形貌(F=8.00kN, σ_{a, max}=895.2MPa, N=3×10⁵cycles)
(a)固定端；(b)加载端

Fig.5 混合区的微动损伤形貌(F=8.50kN, σ_{a, max}=951.2MPa, N=3×10⁵cycles)
(a)固定端；(b)图 5(a)长方形区域放大图；(c)加载端

Fig.6 滑移区的损伤形貌(F=9.00kN, σ_{a, max}=1007.2MPa, N=3×10⁵cycles)
(a)固定端；(b)加载端

Fig.7 混合区裂纹SEM像(F=8.50kN, σ_{a, max}=951.2MPa)

Fig.8 弯曲微动疲劳裂纹剖面SEM像(F=8.50kN, σ_{a, max}=951.2MPa)
(a)N=1×10⁵cycles; (b)N=4×10⁵cycles; (c)图 8(b)长方形区域放大图

Fig.9 裂纹萌生和扩展路线图(F=8.50kN, σ_{a, max}=951.2MPa)

Fig.10 疲劳断口裂纹源区SEM像
(a)疲劳断口整体形貌; (b)磨屑及擦伤痕迹; (c)裂纹萌生位置; (d)二次裂纹

Fig.11 疲劳断口裂纹扩展区SEM像
(a)疲劳条纹; (b)二次裂纹及穿晶特征

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