钙钛矿太阳能电池材料的研究进展

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.001329

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摘要

钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究在近5年内迅速发展，已经成为非常有活力的研究领域，在较短的时间内电池的效率得到了显著的提升。钙钛矿太阳能电池中钙钛矿材料的研究对于提高电池的效率有着重要的意义。本文综述了近年来在钙钛矿层制备方法、新材料的合成等方面存在的主要问题和研究进展。对各种制备方法的特点及改进优化进行了详细的介绍，并分析了新材料合成的必要性和所面临的问题。最后，指出了在降低钙钛矿毒性、大面积制备钙钛矿太阳能电池，以及降低成本等方面的研究前景，为今后高效、稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究提供方向。

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	邱婷
	苗晓亮
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	楼冬
	张树芳

关键词 ：钙钛矿, 太阳能电池, 制备, 薄膜

Abstract：

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have been developed rapidly as one of the most remarkably growing photovoltaic technologies in the last five years. The power conversion efficiency(PCE) of the solar cells has been unprecedentedly increased over the relatively short period. It is of great significance to study the perovskite materials in this kind of solar cells for improving the efficiency. The most focused issues as well as the main progress in varied fabrication techniques and synthesis of new materials in recent years were reviewed in this paper. The characteristics and improvements of varied fabrication techniques are introduced in detail, the necessity and the problems facing for new materials synthesis were analyzed. Finally, a perspective view on reducing the toxicity of perovskite, preparing large-scale perovskite solar cells, and the cost reduction was given to provide the direction for the future research of high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells.

Key words： perovskite solar cell fabrication thin film

收稿日期: 2015-10-29 出版日期: 2018-03-20

中图分类号:

O475

基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助(21403112);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(3091501333)

通讯作者: 张树芳 E-mail: zhangshufang@njust.edu.cn

作者简介: 张树芳(1979-), 女, 副教授, 博士, 研究方向:新型太阳能电池材料及机理研究, 联系地址:南京市玄武区孝陵卫200号南京理工大学材料科学与工程学院(210094), E-mail:zhangshufang@njust.edu.cn

引用本文:

邱婷, 苗晓亮, 宋文佳, 楼冬, 张树芳. 钙钛矿太阳能电池材料的研究进展[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(3): 142-150.
Ting QIU, Xiao-liang MIAO, Wen-jia SONG, Dong LOU, Shu-fang ZHANG. Research Progress on Materials for Perovskites Solar Cells. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(3): 142-150.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.001329 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V46/I3/142

Fig.1 钙钛矿太阳能电池的结构示意图

Fig.2 钙钛矿CH₃NH₃PbX₃结构单元示意图^[7]

Fig.3 制备光敏层的4种常见方法^[24]
(a)一步法; (b)两步法; (c)气相法; (d)气相辅助液相法

Fig.4 快速结晶沉积法(1)与传统方法(2)制得的钙钛矿层形貌和结构对比^[39]
(a)，(b)SEM图；(c)TEM图；(d)XRD谱图

Fig.5 反溶剂法制备均匀致密的钙钛矿薄膜^[40]

Fig.6 FAPbI₃(a)以及FAPbI₃/MAPbI₃(b)薄膜表面SEM图像^[31]

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