球磨工艺对原位合成碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.001550

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摘要

将原位化学气相沉积法合成的碳纳米管（CNTs）与铝的复合粉末进行球磨混合，进而粉末冶金制备CNTs/Al复合材料，研究球磨工艺对复合材料的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：球磨过程中不添加过程控制剂所得到的复合材料力学性能优异；随着球磨时间的增加，CNTs逐步分散嵌入铝基体内部，复合材料的组织也变得更加致密均匀。CNTs/Al复合材料的硬度和抗拉强度均随球磨时间的延长持续增加，但是伸长率先增后减。经90min球磨的CNTs/Al复合材料展现了强韧兼备的特点，其硬度和抗拉强度较原始纯铝提高了1.4倍和1.7倍，并且具有17.9%的高伸长率。

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	杨旭东
	陈亚军
	师春生
	赵乃勤

关键词 ：碳纳米管, 力学性能, 球磨, 铝基复合材料

Abstract：

Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy route, including in-situ chemical vapor deposition synthesis and ball-milling process. The effect of ball-milling process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of CNT/Al composites was investigated. The results show that the best tensile properties of CNT/Al composites can be achieved without adding any process control agent; with the increment of milling time, CNTs are gradually embedded into Al matrix and the composite microstructure becomes more dense and uniform. The hardness and tensile strength of CNT/Al composites continuously increase with the increase of milling time; however, the elongation firstly increases and then decreases. The composites after 90min of milling show a good balance between strength and ductility, and the hardness and tensile strength of which is 1.4 and 1.7 times higher than that of pure Al respectively, with elongation of 17.9%.

Key words： carbon nanotube mechanical property ball milling aluminium matrix composites

收稿日期: 2015-12-21 出版日期: 2017-09-16

中图分类号:

TB331

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51301198);中国民航大学科研启动基金资助项目(2012QD14)

通讯作者: 杨旭东 E-mail: xdyangtj@163.com

作者简介: 杨旭东(1985-), 男, 讲师, 博士, 从事铝合金及铝基复合材料研究, 联系地址:天津市东丽区中国民航大学北院中欧航空工程师学院(300300), E-mail:xdyangtj@163.com

引用本文:

杨旭东, 陈亚军, 师春生, 赵乃勤. 球磨工艺对原位合成碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2017, 45(9): 93-100.
Xu-dong YANG, Ya-jun CHEN, Chun-sheng SHI, Nai-qin ZHAO. Effect of Ball-milling Process on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of In-situ Synthesized Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Aluminum Composites. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2017, 45(9): 93-100.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.001550 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2017/V45/I9/93

Fig.1 添加不同PCA球磨后CNTs/Al复合粉末的SEM照片(图中黑色箭头所指为裸露在铝基体表面的CNTs)
(a), (b)硬脂酸；(c), (d)甲醇；(e), (f)不添加PCA

Fig.2 PCA对CNTs/Al复合材料拉伸性能的影响

Fig.3 经不同球磨时间得到CNTs/Al复合粉末的SEM照片
(a)0min；(b)30min；(c)60min；(d)90min；(e)120min；(f)为图 3(d)铝粉表面的放大图

Fig.4 经不同球磨时间制备的纯铝金相照片
(a)0min；(b)90min

Fig.5 经不同球磨时间制备的CNTs/Al复合材料的金相照片
(a)30min；(b)60min；(c)90min；(d)120min

Fig.6 随球磨时间增加纯铝及CNTs/Al复合材料显微硬度的变化

Fig.7 球磨时间对纯铝和CNTs/Al复合材料拉伸性能的影响
(a)抗拉强度；(b)伸长率

Fig.8 球磨时间对CNTs/Al复合材料拉伸断口的影响
(a)，(b)30min；(c)，(d)90min

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