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2222材料工程  2015, Vol. 43 Issue (11): 91-97    DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.11.015
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快速凝固Al-Fe-V-Si耐热铝合金研究进展
刘莹莹, 郑立静(), 张虎
北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100191
Research Progress in Al-Fe-V-Si Heat Resistant Alloys Prepared by Rapid Solidification
Ying-ying LIU, Li-jing ZHENG(), Hu ZHANG
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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摘要 

快速凝固技术制备Al-Fe-V-Si系合金,可以获得细小弥散且高温下扩散率低的第二相粒子,从而获得良好的耐热性能。本文综述了Al-Fe-V-Si系合金的发展历程,着重介绍了Al-Fe-V-Si系合金的制备工艺、微观组织控制及强化措施;分析了该合金目前发展中存在的问题,并阐述了该合金今后的发展应重点集中在工艺优化、提高热稳定等方面。
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刘莹莹
郑立静
张虎
关键词 ： Al-Fe-V-Si系合金,  制备工艺,  组织控制,  强化措施    
Abstract：

Al-Fe-V-Si heat resistant alloys prepared by rapid solidification exhibit excellent thermal stability which can be ascribed to the obtained second phase particles of fine dispersoids and with low diffusibility. This paper reviewed the development history of Al-Fe-V-Si alloys. The preparation processes, microstructural control and strengthening measures were especially introduced. The problems met in the development of the alloys were analyzed emphatically and the future development should be focused on the optimization of process and the improvement of thermal stability.
Key words： Al-Fe-V-Si alloy    preparation process    microstructural control    strengthening measure
收稿日期: 2014-03-30      出版日期: 2015-11-26
基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51101003)
通讯作者: 郑立静     E-mail: zhenglijing@buaa.edu.cn
作者简介: 郑立静(1974-),女,博士,副教授,主要从事高温金属间化合物结构材料,轻金属结构材料等方面研究,联系地址:北京市海淀区学院路37号北京航空航天大学新主楼D343(100191),E-mail:zhenglijing@buaa.edu.cn
引用本文:   
刘莹莹, 郑立静, 张虎. 快速凝固Al-Fe-V-Si耐热铝合金研究进展[J]. 材料工程, 2015, 43(11): 91-97.
Ying-ying LIU, Li-jing ZHENG, Hu ZHANG. Research Progress in Al-Fe-V-Si Heat Resistant Alloys Prepared by Rapid Solidification. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2015, 43(11): 91-97.
链接本文:  
http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2015.11.015      或      http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2015/V43/I11/91
Fig.1  工艺原理示意图
(a)平面流铸造法；(b)气体雾化法；(c)喷射沉积法
Preparing method Principle Cooling rate Phase composition Advantage & disadvantage
Planar flow casting The centrifugal force throws the molten alloy as the form of strip,then the strip pulverize with a thin,degassing,consolidation forming,as shown in fig.1(a)[13] 105-106 K/s α-AlAl12(Fe,V)3Si High cooling rates,excellent fatigue strength and fracture toughness but the process is complicated and the production cost is high[14]
Gas atomization The melt is broken into small droplets under high pressure and rapidly cooled into powders by thermal convection,as shown in fig.1(b)[15] 103-104 K/s α-AlAl8Fe2SiAl12(Fe,V)3Si It’s very useful in the preparation of small components but the manufacturing process will produce some harmful brittle phase[16, 17]
Spray deposition The melt is atomized into droplets by inert gas,then sprayed into the substrate,as shown in fig.1(c)[18] About 103 K/s α-AlAl8Fe2SiAl12(Fe,V)3SiAl13Fe4 It can control oxygen content effectively but its cooling rate is low,resulting in property are lower than that of other methods
Table 1  不同制备工艺对比
Fig.2  快速凝固Al-Fe-V-Si合金TEM图像
Fig.3  425℃不同体系快速凝固耐热铝合金弥散相粗化率[20]
Alloy Cooling rate/(K·s -1)
1 10 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5
Al-8.5Fe α-Al，Al 13Fe 4 α-Al，Al 13Fe 4 α-Al，Al 13Fe 4 α-Al，Al 6Fe,Al mFe α-Al，Al 6Fe,Al mFe α-Al，Al mFe
Al-8.5Fe-1.7Si α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 3(Fe,Si) α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 3(Fe,Si) α-Al，Al 13Fe 4,Al 8Fe 2Si，Al 12Fe 3Si α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 12Fe 3Si α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 12Fe 3Si α-Al，Al 12Fe 3Si
Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 3(Fe,V.Si) α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 3(Fe,V,Si) α-Al，Al 3(Fe,V,Si),Al 8(Fe,V) 2Si，Al 12(Fe,V) 3Si α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 12(Fe,V) 3Si α-Al，Al 8Fe 2Si,Al 12(Fe,V) 3Si α-Al，Al 12(Fe,V) 3Si
Table 2  不同冷速下三种Al-Fe-X系合金的相组成[23, 24]
Research institute Composition Room temperature(25℃) Elevated temperature(315℃)
σ 0.2/MPa σ b/MPa δ/% σ 0.2/MPa σ b/MPa δ/%
Alcoa Al-8Fe-6Ce 457 564 8.0 225 271 7.3
Pratt&Whitney Al-8Fe-2Mo-1V 393 512 3.0 208 237 9.7
Alcan Al-4.5Cr-1.5Zr-1.2Mn 486 536 7.7 214 235 -
Allied Singal Al-5.5Fe-0.5V-1.0Si 310 352 16.7 172 193 17.3
Allied Singal Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si 414 462 12.9 255 276 11.9
Allied Singal Al-11.7Fe-1.15V-2.4Si 531 559 7.2 297 303 6.8
Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Al-8.5Fe-1.1V-1.9Si 398 445 16 209 229 7
Central South University Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si 412 458 8.6 189 a 204 a 8.9 a
Note: a-350℃
Table 3  快速凝固耐热铝合金的力学性能[18, 27, 28]
Fig.4  铝合金断裂韧性对比[29]
Alloy σ 0.2/MPa σ b/MPa δ/%
25℃ 350℃ 25℃ 350℃ 25℃ 350℃
FVS0812 435 204 330 181 14 7
FVS0812+3TiC 482 224 427 191 15 7
Table 4  TiC对FVS0812合金力学性能影响[30]
Alloy Room temperature(25℃) Elevated temperature(350℃)
σ 0.2/MPa σ b/MPa δ F/% σ 0.2/MPa σ b/MPa δ 5/%
Al-Fe-V-Si 350±4 491±5 1.9±0.1 157±8 190±10 5.5±0.4
Al-Fe-V-Si+20SiC - 395 0.6 166 172 -
Table 5  SiC对FVS0812合金力学性能影响[33]
Alloy Room temperature(25℃) Elevated temperature(350℃)
σ 0.2/MPa σ b/MPa δ/% σ 0.2/MPa σ b/MPa δ/%
FVS0812+Er 357 394 13.3 155 162 6.8
FVS0812 388 420 6.9 137 171 4.2
Table 6  Er元素对FVS0812合金力学性能影响[38]
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