方形光斑激光冲击强化金属表面的耐腐蚀性能及机理

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.001063

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摘要

使用25J和30J脉冲能量的方形光斑激光冲击强化技术对20CrMnTi钢表面进行强化。测量强化后样品表面的分层设色形貌图、粗糙度、显微硬度和残余应力，研究样品的极化曲线和盐雾腐蚀后的表面形貌。结果表明：激光冲击强化使得表层材料发生塑性变形，试样表面粗糙度R_a降低到0.433μm，显微硬度得到提高，并产生较大的残余压应力。合适的激光功率密度使得材料的强化层和钝化膜的密度增加，产生的横向残余压应力使得钝化膜更加稳定，从而提高材料的耐腐蚀性能。过大的激光功率密度导致材料表面出现压痕、铝箔发生烧蚀等现象，使得Cl^-在压痕缺陷处聚集，材料表面局部产生拉应力，表面钝化膜被破坏，加快表面的腐蚀速率。

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	邓仲华
	刘其斌
	徐鹏
	姚志浩

关键词 ：激光冲击强化, 方形光斑, 极化曲线, 盐雾腐蚀, 钝化膜

Abstract：

The surface of 20CrMnTi steel was strengthened by the square-spot laser shock peening(LSP) with 25J and 30J pulse energy. The layered style morphology, roughness, micro-hardness and residual compressive stress of the strengthened sample surface by LSP were test. The polarization curve and the corrosion morphology were investigated. The results show that, plastic deformation occurs in the surface after square-spot LSP, the surface roughness R_a of the specimens reduces to 0.433μm, and micro-hardness improves, great residual compressive stress is formed. The appropriate laser power density of LSP increases the density of the strengthened layer and passive film on the surface, and the transverse residual compressive stress makes the passive film more stable, and improves the corrosion resistance of materials. But the too large laser power density will cause the generation of pit defects in the material surface and the ablation of Al foil. Thus the Cl^- is accumulated at the pit defects, the local tensile stress is generate on the surface of the material, and the surface passive film on the material is destroyed, and degrade the performance of corrosion resistance of the material.

Key words： laser shock peening square-spot polarization curve salt spray corrosion passive film

收稿日期: 2016-09-06 出版日期: 2018-08-17

中图分类号:

TG146.2

基金资助:贵州省应用基础研究计划重大项目(黔科合JZ字[2014]2003);贵州省高层次创新人才培养项目(黔科合人才[2015]4009);贵州省科技合作计划项目(黔科合LH[2015]7650)

通讯作者: 刘其斌 E-mail: qbliu2@263.net

作者简介: 刘其斌(1965-), 男, 博士, 教授, 研究方向:激光熔覆与激光表面改性, 联系地址:贵州省贵阳市花溪区贵州大学材料与冶金学院(550025), E-mail:qbliu2@263.net

引用本文:

邓仲华, 刘其斌, 徐鹏, 姚志浩. 方形光斑激光冲击强化金属表面的耐腐蚀性能及机理[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(8): 140-147.
Zhong-hua DENG, Qi-bin LIU, Peng XU, Zhi-hao YAO. Corrosion Resistance and Mechanism of Metallic Surface Processed by Square-spot Laser Shock Peening. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(8): 140-147.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.001063 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V46/I8/140

Table 1 20CrMnTi钢的化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 方形光斑激光冲击强化示意图

Fig.2 激光冲击强化后样品的分层设色表面形貌图(1)和SEM图(2)
(a)25J；(b)30J

Fig.3 激光冲击强化后样品的表面残余压应力(a)和显微硬度(b)

Fig.4 激光冲击强化和未处理试样在3.5%NaCl溶液中的极化曲线

Table 2 试样在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电流密度和自腐蚀电位

Fig.5 激光冲击强化后试样在5%NaCl盐雾腐蚀后形貌
(a)25J;(b)30J;(1)2h;(2)8h;(3)25h;(4)35h

Fig.6 激光冲击强化试样腐蚀面积占比与时间的关系

Fig.7 30J脉冲能量的方形光斑强化后样品表面压痕(a)及压痕产生原理示意图(b)

Fig.8 30J方形光斑激光冲击强化后烧蚀区域

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