P92钢奥氏体化后的冷却方式对650℃时效组织及硬度稳定性的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.000083

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摘要

采用扫描电镜二次电子/背散射成像模式（SEM-SE/BSE）、能谱分析（EDS）和复相分离技术（MPST）研究P92钢试样于1060℃/1h奥氏体化后以不同方式冷却（空冷/置炉门口冷：缓冷）经760℃/2h回火（空冷）后再经650℃时效后的组织及硬度的稳定性。结果表明：P92钢时效后的显微组织均为基体相与析出相（M₂₃C₆相和Laves相）；奥氏体化后冷却方式对650℃时效后组织及试样硬度有明显影响：缓冷时效试样的析出总量大而硬度低，且Laves相的体积分数/颗粒粗化倾向明显较大，M₂₃C₆相体积分数较小；在650℃时效1000h和3000h期间，空/缓冷时效试样的硬度基本不变/下降；此外，650℃时效试样组织及硬度的稳定性与过冷奥氏体及马氏体的稳定性有关。因此，工业现场管道奥氏体化后应尽快散热。

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关键词 ： P92钢, 奥氏体化, 冷却方式, 时效处理, 显微组织, 显微硬度

Abstract：

The stabilities of microstructures and hardness of P92 steel samples austenitized at 1060℃ for 1h followed by air cooling (AC)/slow cooling (SC) and tempered at 760℃ for 2h and then aged at 650℃ for 1000h/3000h were studied by SEM-SE/BSE, EDS and multiphase separation technology (MPST). The results show that the microstructures of P92 steel aged samples consist of martensite and precipitations (M₂₃C₆ and Laves phase). The cooling modes after austenitization have an obvious effect on microstructures and hardness of the samples aged at 650℃. Compared with the AC samples, the total volume fraction of the precipitations/Vickers hardness of the SC sample is higher/lower and the volume fraction of the Laves/M₂₃C₆ phase is remarkably higher/lower. Moreover, the Laves phase particles of SC sample is much more coarsened. The hardness of the SC sample decreases after ageing treatment at 650℃ for 1000h/3000h, while that of the AC sample is not obviously varied. In addition, the stabilities of microstructure and hardness of P92 steel aged at 650℃ are related to the stability of the austenite which in return affects the stability of the martensite transformed during cooling. Therefore, the P92 pipes cooled from austenitization should dissipate heat as soon as possible in the manufacturing scene.

Key words： P92 steel austenitization cooling mode ageing treatment microstructure microhardness

收稿日期: 2017-01-18 出版日期: 2019-01-16

中图分类号:

TG142.1

通讯作者: 彭志方 E-mail: zfpeng@whu.edu.cn

作者简介: 彭志方(1954-), 男, 博士, 教授, 研究方向:新一代耐热钢及高温合金, 联系地址:湖北省武汉市武昌区东湖南路8号武汉大学动力与机械学院(430072), E-mail:zfpeng@whu.edu.cn

引用本文:

钟蛟, 彭志方, 陈方玉, 彭芳芳, 刘省, 石振斌. P92钢奥氏体化后的冷却方式对650℃时效组织及硬度稳定性的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(1): 119-124.
Jiao ZHONG, Zhi-fang PENG, Fang-yu CHEN, Fang-fang PENG, Sheng LIU, Zhen-bin SHI. Effect of cooling modes after austenitization on stabilities of microstructure and hardness of P92 steel aged at 650℃. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2019, 47(1): 119-124.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.000083 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V47/I1/119

Fig.1 P92钢试样热处理后的OM显微组织
(a)1060℃/1h, AC; (b)1060℃/1h, SC

Fig.2 P92钢试样热处理后的SEM-SE显微组织
(a)1060℃/1h, AC; (b)1060℃/1h, SC

Fig.3 P92钢奥氏体化后空/缓冷试样的显微硬度

Fig.4 P92钢试样热处理后的OM像
(a)1060℃/1h, AC+760℃/2h, AC; (b)1060℃/1h, SC+760℃/2h, AC; (c)1060℃/1h, AC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/1000h, AC; (d)1060℃/1h, SC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/1000h, AC; (e)1060℃/1h, AC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/3000h, AC; (f)1060℃/1h, SC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/3000h, AC

Fig.5 P92钢试样热处理后的SEM-BSE像
(a)1060℃/1h, AC+760℃/2h, AC; (b)1060℃/1h, SC+760℃/2h, AC; (c)1060℃/1h, AC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/1000h, AC; (d)1060℃/1h, SC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/1000h, AC; (e)1060℃/1h, AC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/3000h, AC; (f)1060℃/1h, SC+760℃/2h, AC+650℃/3000h, AC

Fig.6 P92钢奥氏体化后空/缓冷经回火及时效后试样Laves相颗粒的尺寸分布

Fig.7 P92钢奥氏体化后空/缓冷经回火后试样时效3000h相对1000h Laves相颗粒等效直径的变化率

Fig.8 P92钢奥氏体化后空/缓冷经回火后试样中析出相的体积分数随时效时间的变化

Fig.9 P92钢奥氏体化后空/缓冷经回火后试样的显微硬度随时效时间的变化

Fig.10 P92钢奥氏体化空/缓冷试样经回火后基体中Si, Cr元素原子分数

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