Abstract:The properties of cathode materials play an important role in the development and application for lithium ion batteries. However, their phase transition, low conductivity and side reaction with electrolyte restrict the further improvement of battery performance. Coating is one of the effective techniques to overcome these problems. This paper focuses on the influence of surface coating on the properties of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. The research progress of various coating materials was summarized. The modification mechanism of coating materials was also elaborated. And the future development trend of coating materials was proposed, for example, exploring continuously new coating materials with excellent performance, investigating in depth coating mechanism, and optimizing further coating technologies.
李高锋, 李智敏, 宁涛, 张茂林, 闫养希, 向黔新. 锂离子电池正极材料表面包覆改性研究进展[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(9): 23-30.
LI Gao-feng, LI Zhi-min, NING Tao, ZHANG Mao-lin, YAN Yang-xi, XIANG Qian-xin. Research Progress of Cathode Materials Modified by Surface Coating for Lithium Ion Batteries. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(9): 23-30.
[1] 董鹏, 张英杰, 刘嘉铭, 等. 纳米磷酸铁包覆锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2的制备及其电化学性能[J]. 材料工程,2017, 45(11):49-57. DONG P, ZHANG Y J, LIU J M, et al. Fabrication and electrochemical performance of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 coated with nano FePO4 as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2017, 45(11):49-57.
[2] GUO W, MAO F, MA J. Research progress on design strategies, synthesis and performance of LiMn2O4-based cathodes[J]. RSC Advances, 2015, 5(127):105248-105258.
[3] CHEN Z, DAHN J R. Methods to obtain excellent capacity retention in LiCoO2 cycled to 4.5V[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2004, 49(7):1079-1090.
[4] KUMAR S K, GHOSH S, MARTHA S K. Synergistic effect of magnesium and fluorine doping on the electrochemical performance of lithium-manganese rich (LMR)-based Ni-Mn-Co-oxide (NMC) cathodes for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Ionics, 2017,23(7):1655-1662.
[5] LEE S W, KIM M S, JEONG J H, et al. Li3PO4 surface coating on Ni-rich LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 by a citric acid assisted sol-gel method:improved thermal stability and high-voltage performance[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 360:206-214.
[6] LI L, CAO Y, ZHENG H, et al. AlPO4 coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 for high performance cathode material in lithium batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Science:Materials in Electronics, 2017, 28(2):1925-1930.
[7] PARK J S, MANE A U, ELAM J W, et al. Atomic layer deposition of Al-W-fluoride on LiCoO2 cathodes:comparison of particle-and electrode-level coatings[J]. ACS Omega, 2017, 2(7):3724-3729.
[8] XIAO B, WANG B, LIU J, et al. Highly stable Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2, enabled by novel atomic layer deposited AlPO4 coating[J]. Nano Energy, 2017, 34:120-130.
[9] YANO A, SHIKANO M, UEDA A, et al. LiCoO2 degradation behavior in the high-voltage phase transition region and improved reversibility with surface coating[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(1):A6116-A6122.
[10] MENG H, LI L, LIU J, et al. Surface modification of Li-rich layered Li[Li0.17Ni0.17Co0.10Mn 0.56]O2 oxide with LiV3O8 as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 690:256-266.
[11] YONG J K, CHO J, KIM T J, et al. Suppression of cobalt dissolution from the LiCoO2 cathodes with various metal-oxide coatings[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 150(12):A1723-A1725.
[12] LU J, CHEN Z, MA Z, et al. The role of nanotechnology in the development of battery materials for electric vehicles[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 2016, 11(12):1031-1038.
[13] LI X, XU Y, WANG C. Suppression of Jahn-Teller distortion of spinel LiMn2O4 cathode[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 479(1/2):310-313.
[14] LI C, ZHANG H P, FU L J, et al. Cathode materials modified by surface coating for lithium ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2006, 51(19):3872-3883.
[15] ZHANG C, SHEN L, LI H, et al. Enhanced electrochemical properties of MgF2 and C co-coated Li3V2(PO4)3 composite for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2016, 762:1-6.
[16] LEE Y S, SHIN W K, KANNAN A G, et al. Improvement of the cycling performance and thermal stability of lithium-ion cells by double-layer coating of cathode materials with Al2O3 nanoparticles and conductive polymer[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2015, 7(25):13944-13951.
[17] HE X, DU C. Electronically conductive Sb-doped SnO2 nanoparticles coated LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode material with enhanced electrochemical properties for Li-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2017, 236:273-279.
[18] TAO S, KONG F, WU C, et al. Nanoscale TiO2 membrane coating spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material for advanced lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 705:413-419.
[19] KUMAR A, NAZZARIO R, TORES-CASTRO L, et al. Electrochemical properties of MgO-coated 0.5Li 2MnO3-0.5LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 composite cathode material for lithium ion battery[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2015, 40(14):4931-4935.
[20] SAROHA R, JAIN A,PANWAR A K. Effect of ZnO coating on physicochemical properties of LiFePO4 cathode material for lithium ion batteries[J]. Advanced Materials Proceedings, 2016,1(1):104-108.
[21] ZHOU P, ZHANG Z, MENG H, et al. SiO2-coated LiNi0.915Co0.075Al0.01O2 cathode material for rechargeable Li-ion batteries[J]. Nanoscale, 2016, 8(46):19263-19269.
[22] MYUNG S T, IZUMI K, KOMABA S, et al. Role of alumina coating on Li-Ni-Co-Mn-O particles as positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 2005, 17(14):3695-3704.
[23] KAWAMURA T, OKADA S, YAMAKI J. Decomposition reaction of LiPF6-based electrolytes for lithium ion cells[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 156(2):547-554.
[24] AYKOL M, KIRKLIN S, WOLVERTON C. Thermodynamic aspects of cathode coatings for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2014, 4(17):6832-6840.
[25] PARK J S, MANE A U, ELAM J W, et al. Amorphous metal fluoride passivation coatings prepared by atomic layer deposition on LiCoO2 for Li-ion batteries[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 2015, 27(6):1917-1920.
[26] YUE P, WANG Z, LI X, et al. The enhanced electrochemical performance of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials by low temperature fluorine substitution[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2013, 95(11):112-118.
[27] ZHU Z, CAI F, YU J. Improvement of electrochemical performance for AlF3[J]. Ionics, 2016, 22(8):1353-1359.
[28] CHEN L, YANG Y, WANG Z, et al. Enhanced electrochemical performances and thermal stability of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 by surface modification with YF3[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 711:462-472.
[29] LI C D, YAO Z L, XU J, et al. Surface-modified Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 nanoparticles with LaF3 as cathode for Li-ion battery[J]. Ionics, 2017, 23(3):549-558.
[30] KRAYTSBERG A, DREZNER H, AUINAT M, et al. Atomic layer deposition of a particularized protective MgF2 film on a Li-ion battery LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 cathode powder material[J]. Chem Nano Mat, 2015, 1(8):577-585.
[31] LIU X, LIU J, HUANG T, et al. CaF2-coated Li1.2MnNi0.13Co0.13O2 as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta,2013,109:52-58.
[32] SUN Y K, LEE M J, YOON C S, et al. The role of AlF3 coatings in improving electrochemical cycling of Li-enriched nickel-manganese oxide electrodes for Li-ion batteries[J]. Advanced Materials, 2012, 24(9):1192-1196.
[33] KE X, ZHAO Z, LIU J, et al. Improvement in capacity retention of cathode material for high power density lithium ion batteries:the route of surface coating[J]. Applied Energy, 2017, 194:540-548.
[34] JUNG H, SONG H, KIM T, et al. FeF3 microspheres anchored on reduced graphene oxide as a high performance cathode material for lithium ion batteries[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015, 647:750-755.
[35] ZHAO T, LI L, CHEN R, et al. Design of surface protective layer of LiF/FeF3 nanoparticles in Li-rich cathode for high-capacity Li-ion batteries[J]. Nano Energy, 2015, 15:164-176.
[36] LI C D, XU J, XIA J S, et al. Influences of FeF3 coating layer on the electrochemical properties of Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Solid State Ionics, 2016, 292:75-82.
[37] ZHANG L L, CHEN J J, CHENG S, et al. Enhanced electrochemical performances of Li1.2Ni0.2 Mn0.6O2 cathode materials by coating LiAlO2 for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(1):1870-1878.
[38] LEUNG K, QI Y, ZAVADIL K R, et al. Using atomic layer deposition to hinder solvent decomposition in lithium ion batteries:first-principles modeling and experimental studies[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011, 133(37):14741-14754.
[39] ROBERTSON A D, WEST A R, RITCHIE A G. Review of crystalline lithium-ion conductors suitable for high temperature battery applications[J]. Solid State Ionics, 1997, 104(1/2):1-11.
[40] KONG J Z, REN C, JIANG Y X, et al. Li-ion-conductive Li2TiO3-coated Li[Li0.2Mn0.51Ni0. 19Co0.1]O2 for high-performance cathode material in lithium-ion battery[J]. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 2016, 20(5):1435-1443.
[41] LIU S, WU H, HUANG L, et al. Synthesis of Li2Si2O5-coated LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials with enhanced high-voltage electrochemical properties for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2016, 674:447-454.
[42] FENG X, ZHANG J, YIN L. Enhanced cycling stability of Co3(PO4)2-coated LiMn2O4 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries[J]. Powder Technology, 2016, 287:77-81.
[43] WANG Z, LIU E, HE C, et al. Effect of amorphous FePO4 coating on structure and electrochemical performance of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 as cathode material for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2013, 236:25-32.
[44] WU F, ZHANG X, ZHAO T, et al. Multifunctional AlPO4 coating for improving electrochemical properties of low-cost Li[Li0.2Fe0.1Ni0.15Mn0.55]O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2015, 7(6):3773-3781.
[45] GU Z, UETSUKA H, TAKAHASHI K, et al. Cover picture:structural color and the lotus effect[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2003, 42(8):863-863.
[46] CAO Q, ZHANG H P, WANG G J, et al. A novel carbon-coated LiCoO2 as cathode material for lithium ion battery[J]. Electrochemistry Communications, 2007, 9(5):1228-1232.
[47] LEE S, CHO Y, SONG H K, et al. Carbon-coated single-crystal LiMn2O4 nanoparticle clusters as cathode material for high-energy and high-power lithium-ion batteries[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2012, 51(35):8748-8752.
[48] NOEROCHIM L, YURWENDRA A O, SUSANTI D. Effect of carbon coating on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C as cathode materials for aqueous electrolyte lithium-ion battery[J]. Ionics, 2016, 22(3):341-346.
[49] ZHOU X, WANG F, ZHU Y, et al. Graphene modified LiFePO4 cathode materials for high power lithium ion batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2011, 21(10):3353-3358.
[50] GÖKTEPE H, ?AHAN H, PATAT ?. Effect of silver and carbon double coating on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathode material for lithium ion batteries[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2016, 41(23):9774-9779.
[51] SUN P, MA Y, ZHAI T, et al. High performance LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode by Al-coating and Al3+-doping through a physical vapor deposition method[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2016, 191:237-246.
[52] PARK K S, SON J T, CHUNG H T, et al. Surface modification by silver coating for improving electrochemical properties of LiFePO4[J]. Solid State Communications, 2004, 129(5):311-314.
[53] ARREBOLA J, CABALLERO A, ERNAN L, et al. Effects of coating with gold on the performance of nanosized LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 for lithium batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2007,154:A178-A184.
[54] EDDRIEF M, DZWONKOWSKI P, JULIEN C, et al. The ac conductivity in B2O3-Li2O films[J]. Solid State Ionics, 1991, 45(1/2):77-82.