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2222材料工程  2019, Vol. 47 Issue (4): 39-46    DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.001420
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
太阳辐照对芳纶纤维及其复合材料性能的影响
李亚锋1,2, 礼嵩明1,2, 黑艳伟1,2, 邢丽英1,2,*(), 陈祥宝2
1 中航工业复合材料技术中心, 北京 101300
2 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 先进复合材料重点实验室, 北京 100095
Effect of solar radiation on the properties of aramid fibers and composites
Ya-feng LI1,2, Song-ming LI1,2, Yan-wei HEI1,2, Li-ying XING1,2,*(), Xiang-bao CHEN2
1 AVIC Composite Technology Center, Beijing 101300, China
2 Key Laboratory of Advanced Composites, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China
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摘要 

选择K49和F-Ⅲ两种芳纶纤维及其5224A环氧树脂基复合材料为研究对象，以单丝拉伸强度、FTIR、DSC、SEM、复合材料力学性能和介电性能作为表征手段，研究太阳辐照对芳纶纤维的结构性能以及芳纶/环氧复合材料的结构透波性能的影响作用。结果表明：K49在辐照过程中表现出显著的自我屏蔽效应，400h的强度保持率为82%，F-Ⅲ未观察到明显的自我屏蔽效应，强度保持率为50%。辐照前后的FTIR，XPS，DSC，SEM结果证明纤维表层出现了降解，氢键破坏与结晶度下降是引起纤维性能下降的主要原因。太阳辐照前后复合材料的性能测试结果证明辐照对材料的性能无明显影响，辐照后复合材料的弯曲、层间剪切和介电性能基本无变化，拉伸强度略有升高，压缩强度轻微下降，K49/5224A的压缩强度下降了11.8%，F-Ⅲ/5224A的压缩强度下降了6.6%，这主要是由于太阳辐照老化仅引起复合材料表面树脂基体轻微降解所造成的。
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李亚锋
礼嵩明
黑艳伟
邢丽英
陈祥宝
关键词 ： 芳纶纤维,  复合材料,  太阳辐照,  力学性能,  介电性能    
Abstract：

K49 and F-Ⅲ two kinds of different structure aramid fibers and their 5224A epoxy matrix composites were selected. The tension strength of single fiber, FTIR, XPS, DSC, SEM, mechanical and dielectrical properties was used to characterize the physicochemical properties of fibers and structure/wave-transmitting properties of composites. It is found that different fibers result in different changes under the same solar radiation condition. The obvious "self-shield" phenomenon is observed in K49 fibers, but there's no proof that F-Ⅲ has the same ability. A tension strength conservation rate of 82% is obtained after 400 hours solar radiation. F-Ⅲ fibers, by contrast, are sensitive to solar radiation and a conservation rate of 50% is obtained at the same condition. The decreased tension strength is due to physicochemical degradation on the surface of the fibers and the decrease of crystallinity degree. It is proved that solar radiation has no obvious effect on the properties of composites. The flexibility, ILSS and dielectric properties has little change. The tensile strength is slightly improved, and the compression strength is slightly decreased. A decrease of 11.8% is obse-rved on K49/5224A composites and 6.6% for that of F-Ⅲ/5224A. It is because of that the degrad-ation occurred on the surface of composites.
Key words： aramid fiber    composites    solar radiation    mechanical property    dielectric property
收稿日期: 2017-11-16      出版日期: 2019-04-19
中图分类号:  TB332  
基金资助:国家973计划资助项目(613245)
通讯作者: 邢丽英     E-mail: vcd4321@sina.com
作者简介: 邢丽英(1965-), 女, 研究员, 博士, 研究方向为结构功能复合材料, 联系地址:北京81信箱3分箱(100095), E-mail:vcd4321@sina.com
引用本文:   
李亚锋, 礼嵩明, 黑艳伟, 邢丽英, 陈祥宝. 太阳辐照对芳纶纤维及其复合材料性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(4): 39-46.
Ya-feng LI, Song-ming LI, Yan-wei HEI, Li-ying XING, Xiang-bao CHEN. Effect of solar radiation on the properties of aramid fibers and composites. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2019, 47(4): 39-46.
链接本文:  
http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.001420      或      http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V47/I4/39
Spectra λ/μm Radiation intensity/(W·m-2) Allowable deviation/%
Ultraviolet
radiation		 0.28-0.32
0.32-0.40		 5
63		 ±35
±25
Visible light 0.40-0.78 560 ±10
Infrared 0.78-3.00 492 ±20
Table 1  光谱能量分布
Fig.1  芳纶纤维的拉伸强度变化 (a)K49；(b)F-Ⅲ
Absorption peak/cm-1 Functional group Absorption peak/
cm-1		 Functional group
3320 N—H stretching vibration 1311 C—N stretching and N—H bending vibrations
1642 C＝O stretching vibration，aramid absorption band Ⅰ 1255 Mixed C—N stretching and N—H bending vibrations，aramid absorption band Ⅲ
1542 Combination of N—H deformation and C—N stretching vibrations，aramid absorption band Ⅱ 1111 C—H in-plane deformation of benzene ring
1513 C—C stretching vibration of benzene ring 824 1, 4-disubstituded, C—H wagging of benzene ring
1410 C—H in-plane bending deformation of benzene ring 718 N—H wagging
Table 2  芳纶纤维特征官能团红外吸收峰位置
Fig.2  太阳辐照前后K49芳纶纤维的FTIR谱图
Fig.3  太阳辐照前后F-Ⅲ芳纶纤维的FTIR谱图
Sample Area fraction of
C—C/%
(284.7±0.1)eV		 Area fraction of
—C—N— & —C—O—/%
(286.4±0.1)eV		 Area fraction of
—C＝O/%
(288.6±0.1)eV		 Area fraction of
—O—C＝O/%
(289.0±0.1)eV
K49 68.33 19.60 12.08
K49-400h 61.34 25.80 6.69 6.17
F-Ⅲ 72.56 21.85 5.59
F-Ⅲ-400h 66.92 23.44 3.86 5.78
Table 3  芳纶纤维表面官能团信息
Sample Initial temperature/℃ Final temperature/℃ Peak width/℃ Peak temperature/℃ Endothermic peak area/(J·g-1) Content rate of peak area/%
K49 529.6 589.6 60.0 578.0 460.3
K49-400h 531.0 588.2 57.2 580.5 425.1 92.3
F-Ⅲ 501.3 577.6 76.3 538.7 273.2
F-Ⅲ-400h 501.4 573.7 72.3 540.5 223.3 81.7
Table 4  DSC曲线特性参数
Fig.4  K49纤维辐照前后的SEM照片(a)0h;(b), (c)400h
Fig.5  F-Ⅲ纤维太阳辐照前后的SEM照片 (a)0h;(b), (c)400h
Sample Tension strength Compression strength Flexibility strength ILSS
σt/MPa Cv/% Retention rate/% σc/MPa Cv/% Retention rate/% σf/MPa Cv/% Retention rate/% τs/MPa Cv/% Retention rate/%
K49/5224A 1197 5.18 - 254 1.59 - 770 0.91 - 78.8 0.57 -
K49/5224A-200h 1303 6.17 108.9 224 8.48 88.2 844 1.64 109.6 75.2 0.38 95.4
F-Ⅲ/5224A 2067 6.06 - 271 7.40 - 825 3.13 - 74.0 2.59 -
F-Ⅲ/5224A-200h 2158 0.52 104.4 253 8.12 93.4 796 2.42 96.5 74.7 2.43 100.9
Table 5  复合材料的力学性能
Fig.6  复合材料太阳辐照老化前后的SEM照片
(a)辐照前; (b)辐照后
Sample 0h 200h
Dielectric constant tanδ Dielectric constant tanδ
K49/5224A 4.10 0.0179 4.14 0.0182
F-Ⅲ/5224A 4.07 0.0168 4.15 0.0169
5224A 3.31 0.0268 3.40 0.0291
Table 6  复合材料的常温介电性能
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