超声振动对EA4T钢激光熔覆质量和性能的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.001538

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摘要

采用超声振动辅助激光熔覆对EA4T钢表面进行修复，利用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD），对比分析超声振动对EA4T钢激光熔覆成形质量、微观组织和物相组成的影响，通过显微硬度仪对熔覆层和基体的显微硬度进行测试。结果表明：超声振动作用下，熔覆层成形质量得到提高，原来方向性较强的枝晶组织被打断、打碎，枝晶偏析程度显著减轻；与此同时，施加超声振动晶粒得到细化，促进Cr₂₃C₆碳化物在枝晶上析出，但并未改变熔覆层物相组成；相比较未施加超声振动，超声振动作用下的熔覆层显微硬度分布更加均匀，平均显微硬度提高126.2HV_0.2，热影响区平均显微硬度下降31.2HV_0.2。

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	陈林
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关键词 ：激光熔覆, 超声振动, 组织结构, 显微硬度

Abstract：

The surface of EA4T steel was repaired by ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding.The influence of ultrasonic vibration on the forming quality, microstructure and phase composition of laser cladding of EA4T steel were compared and analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X ray diffraction(XRD), and the microhardness of the cladding layer and matrix was tested by microhardness tester.The results show that the cladding forming quality is improved, and the dendritic structure with strong original orientation is broken under the effect of ultrasonic vibration, which reduces the segregation of dendrites within the cladding layer.At the same time, ultrasonic vibration refined grain, promotes the precipitation of Cr₂₃C₆ carbide on the dendrites, but it does not change the phase composition of cladding layer.Compared with that without ultrasonic vibration applied, the microhardness distribution of cladding layer is more uniform under the ultrasonic vibration, the average microhardness of cladding layer is increased by 126.2HV_0.2, and the average microhardness of heat-affected zone is decreased by 31.2HV_0.2.

Key words： laser cladding ultrasonic vibration microstructure microhardness

收稿日期: 2017-12-15 出版日期: 2019-05-17

中图分类号:

TG456.7

基金资助:四川省科技厅资助项目(14201508);中国石油集团济柴动力总厂项目(16201253)

通讯作者: 陈文静 E-mail: njchenwenjing@163.com

作者简介: 陈文静(1971-), 女, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要从事激光熔覆再制造技术、新材料焊接工艺及接头质量控制方面的研究, 联系地址:四川省成都市金牛区金周路999号材料学院, E-mail:njchenwenjing@163.com

引用本文:

陈林, 陈文静, 黄强, 熊中. 超声振动对EA4T钢激光熔覆质量和性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(5): 79-85.
Lin CHEN, Wen-jing CHEN, Qiang HUANG, Zhong XIONG. Effect of ultrasonic vibration on quality and properties of laser cladding EA4T steel. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2019, 47(5): 79-85.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.001538 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V47/I5/79

Fig.1 EA4T钢显微组织和Fe-Cr-Ni合金粉末外观形貌
(a)EA4T钢; (b)Fe-Cr-Ni合金粉末

Table 1 EA4T钢和Fe-Cr-Ni熔覆材料化学成分(质量分数/%)

Table 2 熔覆实验参数

Fig.2 超声振动辅助激光熔覆示意图

Fig.3 熔覆层外观形貌
(a)未施加超声振动; (b)施加超声振动

Fig.4 未施加超声振动熔覆层显微组织
(a)界面；(b)中部；(c)热影响区

Fig.5 施加超声振动熔覆层显微组织
(a)界面；(b)中部；(c)热影响区

Fig.6 未施加超声振动熔覆层中部枝晶组织EDS分析
(a)晶界；(b)晶内

Fig.7 施加超声振动熔覆层中部枝晶组织EDS分析
(a)晶界；(b)粒状结构；(c)晶内

Fig.8 熔覆层XRD图谱

Table 3 XRD测试结果

Fig.9 显微硬度分布曲线
(a)未施加超声振动；(b)施加超声振动

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