电纺Co掺杂碳纳米纤维的制备及其吸波性能

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2018.000101

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摘要

采用静电纺丝法和后续的热处理工艺制备不同浓度Co纳米粒子掺杂的碳纳米纤维。通过差热-热重（DSC-TGA）仪、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、矢量网络分析仪（VNA）对复合碳纳米纤维的热稳定性、物相、微观结构、电磁参数进行表征，并对其微波吸收性能进行研究。结果表明：当炭化温度为800℃时，复合纳米纤维结晶度适中，无定形碳部分转化为石墨相碳，CoAc₂全部被炭化还原为面心立方结构的金属Co纳米粒子，且纤维形貌完整，有串珠状结构存在于纤维网络之间；掺杂后碳纤维电磁性能得到明显改善，当掺杂量为7%（质量分数），涂层厚度为1.5mm时，有效吸收带宽达到最大，为4.5GHz，相比于纯碳纳米纤维，吸波性能得到显著提升。

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关键词 ：静电纺丝, 碳纳米纤维, 金属Co纳米粒子, 串珠状结构, 吸波性能

Abstract：

Carbon nanofibers with various contents of Co nanoparticle were synthesized by a two step process of electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment. The thermal stability, phase composition, microstructure and electromagnetic characteristics of the carbon nanofibers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimmetric analysis (DSC-TGA), X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and vector network analyzer(VNA), and the microwave absorption performance was studied.The results indicate that the crystallinity of composite nanofibers is moderate when the carbonization temperature is 800℃.The amorphous carbon is partially converted into graphite and CoAc₂ completely reduces to face-centered cubic structured Co nanoparticle. The fiber is intact and beads-on-string structure exists in the fiber networks. The electromagnetic characteristics of the carbon nanofibers significantly improve by the doping of Co. The Carbon nanofibers containing 7%(mass fraction) as fillers with thickness of 1.5mm exhibit maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 4.5GHz, and it is obviously improved compared to pure carbon nanofibers.

Key words： electrospinning carbon nanofiber Co nanoparticle beads-on-string structure microwave absorption property

收稿日期: 2018-01-22 出版日期: 2019-12-17

中图分类号:

TB34

通讯作者: 张飒 E-mail: zhangsahe@126.com

作者简介: 张飒(1993-), 男, 助教, 硕士, 从事军用功能材料方面的研究工作, 联系地址:河北省石家庄市新华区和平西路97号陆军工程大学石家庄校区火炮工程系(050003), E-mail:zhangsahe@126.com

引用本文:

张飒, 王建江, 赵芳, 刘嘉玮. 电纺Co掺杂碳纳米纤维的制备及其吸波性能[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(12): 118-123.
Sa ZHANG, Jian-jiang WANG, Fang ZHAO, Jia-wei LIU. Preparation of Co doped carbon nanofibers composites synthesized by electrospinning and its microwave absorption properties. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2019, 47(12): 118-123.

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http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2018.000101 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V47/I12/118

Fig.1 预氧化纳米纤维的DSC-TGA曲线

Fig.2 不同Co含量的复合纳米纤维XRD谱图

Fig.3 复合纳米纤维的SEM图 (a)Co/C-3%；(b)Co/C-5%；(c)Co/C-7%；(d)无串珠纤维

Fig.4 Co/C复合纳米纤维电磁参数ε′(a), ε″(b), μ′(c), μ″(d)随频率的变化

Fig.5 Co/C复合纳米纤维的介电损耗角正切(a)和磁损耗角正切(b)

Fig.6 不同厚度Co/C复合纳米纤维吸波涂层的反射损耗曲线
(a)Co/C-3%；(b)Co/C-5%；(c)Co/C-7%；(d)无串珠纤维

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