拉-拉疲劳载荷下钛合金湿喷丸的残余应力松弛及再次喷丸工艺

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2019.000080

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摘要

采用湿法喷丸强化工艺（wet shot-peening）对TC4钛合金表面进行处理，研究高、低周的拉-拉疲劳过程中合金残余应力松弛规律，探讨再次喷丸工艺（re-shot-peening，RSP）对疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明：在拉应力载荷状态下，残余压应力依然发生松弛现象。疲劳载荷水平对喷丸TC4钛合金残余压应力场（CRSF）的松弛速率、松弛程度和松弛范围具有重要影响。高周疲劳（HCF）过程中残余应力松弛主要发生在近表层0~30 μm，松弛速率较慢。低周疲劳（LCF）过程中残余应力松弛发生在0~80 μm，范围更大，速率更快。RSP周期对于TC4钛合金的疲劳寿命也具有较大影响。在25%和50%初始喷丸疲劳寿命进行RSP处理会显著提高疲劳寿命，而在75%初始喷丸疲劳寿命处进行RSP处理对于疲劳寿命基本没有影响。此外，RSP的强化效果与疲劳载荷水平相关，对于高周疲劳寿命提高明显。

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关键词 ：湿法喷丸, 残余应力松弛, 再次喷丸, 疲劳性能

Abstract：

The surface of TC4 titanium alloy was treated by wet shot-peening (SP). The residual stress relaxation during high and low cycle tensile fatigue was studied, and the effect of re-shot-peening (RSP) on fatigue life was discussed. The results show that relaxation of compressive residual stress still occurs under tensile stress. The fatigue load level has an important influence on the relaxation rate, degree and range of compressive residual stress field (CRSF) of shot peened TC4 titanium alloy. Residual stress relaxation during high cycle fatigue (HCF) mainly occurs in the near surface layer of 0-30 μm, and the relaxation rate is slow, while residual stress relaxation in low cycle fatigue (LCF) mainly occurs in the range of 0-80 μm, which is deeper and faster. RSP also has a great influence on the fatigue life of TC4 titanium alloy. It can significantly improve fatigue life at 25% and 50% of initial SP fatigue life, but has little effect on fatigue life at 75% of initial SP fatigue life. In addition, the strengthening effect of RSP is related to the level of fatigue load, which improves the HCF life obviously.

Key words： wet shot-peening relaxation of residual stress re-shot-peening fatigue property

收稿日期: 2019-01-23 出版日期: 2020-05-28

中图分类号:

TG178

基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51405059);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(DUT16RC（4）33);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(DUT17GF209)

通讯作者: 付雪松 E-mail: xsfu@dlut.edu.cn

作者简介: 付雪松(1984-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 研究方向为塑性加工成形、环境损伤与防护, 联系地址:辽宁省大连市甘井子区凌工路2号大连理工大学铸造工程中心(116023), E-mail:xsfu@dlut.edu.cn

引用本文:

赵慧生, 陈国清, 盖鹏涛, 李志强, 周文龙, 付雪松. 拉-拉疲劳载荷下钛合金湿喷丸的残余应力松弛及再次喷丸工艺[J]. 材料工程, 2020, 48(5): 136-143.
Hui-sheng ZHAO, Guo-qing CHEN, Peng-tao GAI, Zhi-qiang LI, Wen-long ZHOU, Xue-song FU. Residual stress relaxation and re-shot-peening process of wet shot-peened titanium alloy during tensile fatigue load. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2020, 48(5): 136-143.

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http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2019.000080 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V48/I5/136

Table 1 TC4钛合金化学成分(质量分数/%)

Table 2 B60陶瓷弹丸化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 疲劳试样尺寸图

Table 3 RSP的预先疲劳周期

Fig.2 拉-拉疲劳测试时不同最大载荷在不同循环周次的TC4合金的CRSF分布
(a)最大载荷550 MPa，循环0, 5×10⁴, 4×10⁵, 3×10⁶周次；(b)最大载荷650 MPa，循环0, 5×10⁴, 2×10⁵周次；(c)最大载荷750 MPa，循环0, 2×10⁴, 5×10⁴, 10⁵周次

Fig.3 喷丸表面粗糙化缺口区域的应力集中效应

Table 4 不同拉-拉疲劳载荷的CRSF特征

Fig.4 不同疲劳载荷下最大残余应力随周期变化

Fig.5 喷丸处理后的表面形貌及轮廓线
(a), (b), (c)首次喷丸；(d), (e), (f)再次喷丸

Fig.6 不同喷丸状态下TC4钛合金试样的表面粗糙度

Fig.7 不同疲劳载荷的TC4合金在不同阶段RSP处理的疲劳寿命
(a)最大载荷为650 MPa；(b)最大载荷为750 MPa

Fig.8 载荷峰值650 MPa和750 MPa时TC4钛合金试样的疲劳断口形貌
(a)650 MPa-SP; (b)650 MPa-RSP2 (50%寿命)；(c)750 MPa-SP; (d)750 MPa-RSP1(25%寿命)

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