TiO<sub>2</sub>粒径对Al-TiO<sub>2</sub>-C细化剂组织及细化效果的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2019.000650

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摘要

以Al粉，TiO₂粉，C粉为原料，通过放热弥散法制备Al-TiO₂-C细化剂，其中TiO₂的粒径分别为30，60，90，200 nm。研究TiO₂的粒径对细化剂组织的影响以及不同细化剂对工业纯铝的细化效果。利用XRD，SEM，EDS技术表征不同TiO₂粒径制备的Al-TiO₂-C细化剂相组成和显微组织。结果表明：Al-TiO₂-C细化剂主要由Al₃Ti，TiC和Al₂O₃相组成。TiO₂粒径的变化会直接影响第二相的数量、分布与形貌，当TiO₂粒径为30~90 nm时，Al-TiO₂-C细化剂中Al₃Ti和TiC数量多但有明显的偏聚现象，分布不均匀，其中Al₃Ti相呈长条状。当TiO₂粒径为200 nm时，第二相分布均匀但数量较少，其中Al₃Ti相呈块状。添加30 nm TiO₂制备的Al-TiO₂-C细化剂后，α-Al形核温度由659.4℃上升到661.8℃，再辉温度由1.2℃下降到0.3℃，平均晶粒尺寸最小为633 μm，细化效果最佳。

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关键词 ： Al-TiO₂-C细化剂, TiO₂粒径, 热分析, 工业纯铝

Abstract：

The Al-TiO₂-C refiners were prepared by the in-situ exothermic dispersion method using Al, TiO₂ and C powders. The particle sizes of TiO₂ were 30, 60, 90 nm and 200 nm, respectively. The effects of particle size of TiO₂ on the refiner microstructure were studied. The refinement effect on industrial pure aluminum was evaluated. The XRD, SEM and EDS techniques were used to characterize the phase composition and the microstructure of Al-TiO₂-C refiners. The results show that the Al-TiO₂-C refiners compose of Al₃Ti, TiC and Al₂O₃.The particle size of TiO₂ directly affects the amount, distribution and morphology of the second phase. When the particle size of TiO₂ is 30-90 nm, the amount of Al₃Ti and TiC is large. However, the segregation phenomenon is obviously observed. The distribution of particles is not uniform. The Al₃Ti is lath-like. When the particle size of TiO₂ is 200 nm, the distribution of second phases is uniform and the amount is small. The Al₃Ti is blocky. After adding the Al-TiO₂-C refiner prepared by 30 nm TiO₂, the nucleation temperature of α-Al increases from 659.4 ℃ to 661.8 ℃.Re-heating temperature is dropped from 1.2 ℃ to 0.3 ℃.The minimum average grain size is 633 μm. The refinement effect is the best in this condition.

Key words： Al-TiO₂-C refiner TiO₂ particle size thermal analysis industrial pure aluminum

收稿日期: 2019-07-12 出版日期: 2020-08-15

中图分类号:

TB331

基金资助:内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2017MS（LH）0509)

通讯作者: 张瑞英 E-mail: zhang_ruiying@126.com

作者简介: 张瑞英(1972-), 女, 副教授, 博士, 主要从事铝合金及金属基复合材料的研究, 联系地址:内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市新城区爱民街49号内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院(010051), E-mail:zhang_ruiying@126.com

引用本文:

刘欢, 张瑞英, 李金轩, 杨森, 闫晗. TiO₂粒径对Al-TiO₂-C细化剂组织及细化效果的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2020, 48(8): 126-133.
Huan LIU, Rui-ying ZHANG, Jin-xuan LI, Sen YANG, Han YAN. Effect of TiO₂ particle size on microstructure and refining effect of Al-TiO₂-C refiner. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2020, 48(8): 126-133.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2019.000650 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V48/I8/126

Table 1 实验原料的纯度与粒径

Fig.1 不同粒径的TiO₂制备的Al-TiO₂-C细化剂微观组织
(a)30 nm; (b)60 nm; (c)90 nm; (d)200 nm

Fig.2 不同粒径的TiO₂制备的Al-TiO₂-C细化剂的XRD图谱
(a)30 nm; (b)200 nm

Fig.3 30 nmTiO₂制备的细化剂面扫描分析
(a)SEM；(b)Al元素；(c)C元素；(d)O元素；(e)Ti元素[

Fig.4 不同细化剂的外形
(a), (b)30 nm; (c), (d)200 nm

Fig.5 添加不同细化剂的工业纯铝的宏观组织
(a)工业纯铝；(b)30 nm；(c)60 nm；(d)90 nm；(e)200 nm

Fig.6 添加不同细化剂后工业纯铝的冷却曲线(a)及其特征值(b)

Fig.7 不同保温时间下Al-TiO₂-C(1)与Al-5Ti-B(2)的细化效果
(a)15 min; (b)30 min; (c)60 min; (d)90 min

Fig.8 添加不同细化剂后不同保温时间下工业纯铝的平均晶粒尺寸

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