钙钛矿太阳能电池用Ag/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/C柔性纳米纤维膜电极

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000719

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摘要

钙钛矿太阳能电池（perovskite solar cells，PSCs）因其制备简单、光电转化效率较高等优点而备受关注。静电纺碳纳米纤维膜（carbon nanofiber films，CNFs）具有高比表面积、良好的电学性能和化学稳定性，但其脆性限制了它的应用。利用静电纺丝法结合水热法制备柔性导电Ag/ZrO₂/C复合纳米纤维膜，然后将其应用于PSCs的对电极，研究不同Ag纳米颗粒添加量对柔性复合纳米纤维膜和电池的性能影响。结果表明：当银前驱体溶液质量浓度从0 g/mL增加至0.030 g/mL时，Ag/ZrO₂/C复合纳米纤维表面的Ag纳米颗粒的包覆越来越好，薄膜显示良好的柔韧性，其抗弯弹性模量为0.479 MPa，电导率从866 S/m增加到4862 S/m，提高了薄膜的空穴电子传输能力，进而增强PSCs的性能。当溶液质量浓度为0.030 g/mL时，器件具备最优的光电转换效率（6.05%）和最大电流（18.44 mA/cm²）。

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	辜宁霞
	荆婉如
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	吕芳洁
	宋立新
	熊杰

关键词 ：钙钛矿太阳能电池, 柔性复合纳米纤维膜电极, 碳, 二氧化锆, 银

Abstract：

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) are paid much attention due to simple preparation and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Carbon nanofiber films(CNFs) prepared by electrospinning have high specific surface area, electrical properties and chemical stability, but the application in PSCs is limited due to their brittleness. The flexible and conductive Ag/ZrO₂/C composite nanofiber films were prepared by electrospinning and hydrothermal method. After that, it was applied as the counter electrode of flexible PSCs and the effect of Ag nanoparticles with different concentrations on the performance of the composite nanofiber films and the PSCs were studied. The results show that when the concentration of precursor solution rises from 0 g/mL to 0.030 g/mL, the coating effect of Ag nanoparticles on the Ag/ZrO₂/C composite nanofiber improves obviously and all the composite nanofiber films display the excellent flexibility and modulus of elasticity (0.479 MPa), meanwhile, the conductivity of the films increases from 866 S/m to 4862 S/m, so as to enhance the hole-electron transport capacity of the films and the performance of flexible PSCs. When the solution concentration is 0.030 g/mL, the PSCs have best photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE) of 6.05% and optimal current density (18.44 mA/cm²). It is of great significance to further improve the performance of flexible PSCs and the application of flexible carbon nanofiber films.

Key words： perovskite solar cell flexible composite nanofiber films electrode carbon ZrO₂ Ag

收稿日期: 2020-08-01 出版日期: 2021-09-17

中图分类号:

O649

基金资助:浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ19E030020)

通讯作者: 宋立新 E-mail: lxsong12@zstu.edu.cn

作者简介: 宋立新(1986-), 男, 讲师, 博士, 研究方向为能源纳米材料与器件, 联系地址: 浙江省杭州市江干区下沙高校园区2号大街928号浙江理工大学17号楼635(310018), E-mail: lxsong12@zstu.edu.cn

引用本文:

辜宁霞, 荆婉如, 宁磊, 吕芳洁, 宋立新, 熊杰. 钙钛矿太阳能电池用Ag/ZrO₂/C柔性纳米纤维膜电极[J]. 材料工程, 2021, 49(9): 79-86.
Ning-xia GU, Wan-ru JING, Lei NING, Fang-jie LYU, Li-xin SONG, Jie XIONG. Ag/ZrO₂/C flexible nanofiber films-based counter electrode for perovskite solar cells. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2021, 49(9): 79-86.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000719 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V49/I9/79

Fig.1 Ag/ZrO₂/C复合纳米纤维膜基PSCs的制备过程示意图

Fig.2 复合纳米纤维膜的FESEM图
(a)纯碳纳米纤维膜；(b)ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜；(c)~(g)质量浓度分别为0.015，0.020，0.025，0.030 g/mL和0.040 g/mL的Ag纳米颗粒添加后Ag/ZrO₂/C复合纳米纤维膜

Fig.3 ZrO₂/C和Ag/ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜的TEM(1)和HRTEM图(2)
(a)ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜；(b)Ag/ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜

Fig.4 Ag/ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜的XPS全谱图(a)，O1s(b)，Ag3d(c)及C1s谱图(d)

Fig.5 ZrO₂/C和Ag/ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜的XRD谱图

Fig.6 纯碳纳米纤维膜(a)和Ag/ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜(b)的弯曲断裂数码照片(1)和机理图(2)

Fig.7 Ag/ZrO₂/C复合纳米纤维膜的电导率和抗弯弹性模量

Fig.8 Ag/ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜基PSCs的数码照片(a)，截面SEM及局部放大图(b)，PL图(c)，EIS图(d)和J-V曲线(e)

Table 1 不同含量的Ag纳米颗粒下Ag/ZrO₂/C纳米纤维膜基PSCs的光伏参数

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