基于微观尺度X射线断层扫描技术的短切碳纤维SMC复合材料失效分析

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000765

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摘要

短切碳纤维片状模塑料(SMC)复合材料内部复杂的纤维三维分布及其造成的多样微裂纹演化过程加剧了其失效分析的难度。针对短切碳纤维SMC复合材料的失效行为进行研究, 提出采用微观尺度X射线断层扫描技术实时表征材料内部的微观结构, 捕捉碳纤维和微裂纹的几何信息, 结合先进的图像采集和图像处理技术, 进而准确重构出短切碳纤维SMC复合材料在受力过程中的三维结构变化以及微裂纹的完整演变过程, 定量测量微裂纹的几何尺寸, 实现损伤的精准诊断, 并利用Tsai-Wu失效判据和界面开裂后的基体应力场理论等失效方法探究短切碳纤维SMC复合材料的失效机制。该方法的提出对于研究短切碳纤维SMC复合材料的失效过程以及分析相应的失效行为提供了重要依据。

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	程子敬
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关键词 ：微观尺度X射线断层扫描技术, 碳纤维复合材料, 损伤检测, 损伤表征, 失效机制

Abstract：

The complex internal three-dimensional fiber distributions and the various microcrack propagation processes of the chopped carbon fiber sheet molding compound (SMC) composites aggravate the difficulty of failure analysis. In-situ micro X-ray computed tomography was proposed in this study to characterize the internal microstructure evolution under different tensile loading conditions. Combined with advanced image acquisition and image processing technologies, the three-dimensional microstructure of the SMC composites, including the complete microcrack propagation, under different loading conditions was reconstructed, where the microcrack geometric size was quantitatively measured. The failure mechanism of the SMC composites was explored via the Tsai-Wu failure criterion and the matrix stress field theory after interface cracking. The proposed method provides an important basis for studying the failure process of the SMC composites and the corresponding failure behavior.

Key words： micro X-ray computed tomography carbon fiber composite damage detection damage evaluation failure mechanism

收稿日期: 2020-08-18 出版日期: 2022-05-23

中图分类号:

TB332

基金资助:天津市自然科学基金项目(19JCZDJC38500)

通讯作者: 王凯峰 E-mail: wangkf@tju.edu.cn

作者简介: 王凯峰(1987—)，男，副教授，博士生导师，博士，研究方向为碳纤维复合材料性能表征、3D/4D打印技术等，联系地址：天津市津南区海河教育园雅观路135号天津大学机械工程学院(300350), E-mail: wangkf@tju.edu.cn

引用本文:

程子敬, 王凯峰, 张连洪. 基于微观尺度X射线断层扫描技术的短切碳纤维SMC复合材料失效分析[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(5): 130-138.
Zijing CHENG, Kaifeng WANG, Lianhong ZHANG. Failure analysis of chopped carbon fiber SMC composites by micro X-ray computed tomography. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(5): 130-138.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000765 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I5/130

Fig.1 实验装置
(a)加载平台；(b)微观尺度X射线断层扫描平台

Fig.2 X射线断层扫描示意图

Fig.3 未加载下CFRP SMC复合材料三维重建

Fig.4 CFRP SMC复合材料不同平面下的二维形貌
(a)在厚度(y)-长度(z)平面内的区域分割；(b)在宽度(x)-长度(z)平面第8层的纤维取向分布

Table 1 不同层下的平均纤维取向角

Fig.5 不同拉应力下微裂纹的演变
(a)0 MPa；(b)156 MPa；(c)168 MPa；(d)176 MPa；(e)201 MPa

Fig.6 最大拉应力下的微裂纹扩展

Fig.7 微裂纹几何尺寸

Fig.8 裂纹4三维形貌

Fig.9 裂纹4时空量化结果
(a)时空宽度(x)-厚度(y)平面分析；(b)时空宽度(x)-长度(z)平面分析

Fig.10 微裂纹断裂分析
(a)断裂扩展路径；(b)裂纹分布

Fig.11 整体坐标系和局部坐标系

Table 2 CFRP SMC复合材料碳纤维和基体的性能参数^[4]

Table 3 CFRP SMC复合材料不同层下的界面脱粘强度

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