TA15钛合金表面原位合成TiC增强钛基激光熔覆层的组织与耐磨性

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000996

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摘要

采用激光熔覆技术在TA15钛合金表面原位合成TiC增强钛基涂层。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、能谱分析仪、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等研究涂层的成形质量、微观组织、物相组成、硬度和摩擦学性能。结果表明: 涂层主要由β-Ti, Co₃Ti, CrTi₄和TiC等物相组成, 涂层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合。涂层结合区组织是平面晶和柱状晶, 中部组织是树枝晶, 顶部组织是等轴晶。涂层各微区的碳化钛形貌有显著差别, 其中顶部和中部区域碳化钛为粗大的树枝状和花瓣状, 而结合区为针状和近球状。涂层显微硬度最大值为715HV, 约是TA15显微硬度(330HV)的2.1倍; 同等条件下涂层磨损量为30.14 mg, 约为TA15磨损量98.11 mg的30.7%。涂层与基体的磨损机制均为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损的复合磨损模式, 但涂层的磨损程度较轻。

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关键词 ： TA15, 激光熔覆, 钛基涂层, 微观组织, 耐磨性

Abstract：

The TiC-reinforced Ti-based coating was prepared in-situ on the surface of the titanium alloy TA15 by laser cladding technology. The forming quality, microstructure, phase composition, hardness, and tribological properties were investigated by optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, energy spectrum analyzer, microhardness tester and friction and wear apparatus. The results show that the coating mainly composes of β-Ti, Co₃Ti, CrTi₄ and TiC, and the good metallurgical bond is formed between coating and the substrate. The microstructure of the coating bond zone is planar crystal and columnar crystal, the middle is dendritic, and the top is equiaxed. Significant differences in the morphology of TiC are observed in each micro-area of the coating. TiC of the top and middle areas is thick dendritic and petal-like, while TiC of the bonding area is needle-like and spherical. The maximum microhardness of the coating is 715HV, which is about 2.1 times than that of TA15 (330HV). Under the same conditions, the wear loss of coating is 30.14 mg, which is about 30.7% of TA15(98.11 mg). The wear mechanism of the cladding coating and substrate is a composite wear mode of adhesive wear and abrasive wear, but the wear degree of the coating is lighter.

Key words： TA15 laser cladding Ti-based coating microstructure wear resistance

收稿日期: 2020-10-27 出版日期: 2022-04-18

中图分类号:

TG174.4

基金资助:新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划自然科学重点项目(XJEDU2020I007);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2021D01C051)

通讯作者: 祁文军 E-mail: wenjuntsi@163.com

作者简介: 祁文军(1968—)，女，教授，硕士，主要从事材料加工领域中的数字化设计与应用，联系地址：新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区秋实路新疆大学机械工程学院(830017)，E-mail: wenjuntsi@163.com

引用本文:

安强, 祁文军, 左小刚. TA15钛合金表面原位合成TiC增强钛基激光熔覆层的组织与耐磨性[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(4): 139-146.
Qiang AN, Wenjun QI, Xiaogang ZUO. Microstructure and wear resistance of in-situ TiC reinforced Ti-based coating by laser cladding on TA15 titanium alloy surface. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(4): 139-146.

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http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000996 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I4/139

Table 1 TA15基材化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 涂层的横截面图(a)及纵截面图(b)

Fig.2 涂层的SEM图像
(a)涂层底部及中部；(b)涂层中上部及顶部

Fig.3 涂层的XRD图谱

Table 2 涂层中各测试点的EDS成分分析(原子分数/%)

Fig.4 激光熔覆各微区显微硬度分布曲线(a)及部分涂层压痕的金相形貌(b)

Fig.5 涂层和基体的摩擦因数

Fig.6 TA15基体(a)及涂层(b)的磨损形貌

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