粉末冶金制备工艺对TiC增强高铬铸铁基复合材料性能的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.001167

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摘要

采用高能球磨和真空烧结的方法制备TiC增强高铬铸铁(HCCI)基复合材料。利用SEM, DSC等方法对不同球磨时间的粉末进行分析，研究不同烧结温度对高铬铸铁基复合材料的显微组织、硬度及密度的影响，比较相同工艺下复合材料与高铬铸铁材料的耐磨性。结果表明：球磨12 h后的粉末颗粒大小趋于稳定，粉末活性提高，烧结性能改善，烧结试样中TiC均匀地分布在基体中。随着烧结温度的升高，复合材料内部晶粒逐渐长大，密度和硬度逐渐提高。在1280 ℃超固相线液相烧结的条件下烧结2 h后，致密度达94.17%，硬度和抗弯强度分别为49.2HRC和980 MPa。在销盘磨损实验中复合材料的耐磨性为单一高铬铸铁材料的1.52倍，磨损机制为磨粒磨损+轻微氧化磨损。

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	许家豪
	汪选国
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关键词 ： TiC增强高铬铸铁基复合材料, 真空烧结, 微观组织, 力学性能, 摩擦磨损

Abstract：

TiC reinforced high chromium cast iron(HCCI) matrix composites were prepared by high energy ball milling and vacuum sintering.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to analyze the powder at different time of ball milling.The effect of sintering temperature on microstructures, hardness and densities of high chromium iron-based composites was explored.The wear resistance of the composites and high chromium cast iron under the same process was compared.The results show that the size of powder particles tends to be stable, the powder activity increases and the sintering property is improved after 12 h of ball milling.TiC in sintered samples is uniformly distributed in the matrix.The grains in the composites grow gradually, the hardness and densities of the composites continuously increase with the increase of sintering temperature.After sintering for 2 h under the condition of supersolidus liquid phase sintering at 1280 ℃, the relative density of composites is 94.17%, the hardness is 49.2HRC and the bending strength is 980 MPa. In the pin and disc wear test, the wear resistance of the composites is 1.52 times than that of the single high chromium cast iron materials, and the wear mechanism is abrasive wear and slight oxidation wear.

Key words： TiC/HCCI vacuum sintering microstructure mechanical property friction and wear

收稿日期: 2020-12-18 出版日期: 2022-09-20

中图分类号:

TF125

通讯作者: 汪选国 E-mail: xuanguo@whut.edu.cn

作者简介: 汪选国(1972—)，男，副教授，工学博士，主要从事材料成型与加工、结构残余应力测试分析工作，联系地址：湖北省武汉市武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院(430070)，E-mail: xuanguo@whut.edu.cn

引用本文:

许家豪, 汪选国, 姚振华. 粉末冶金制备工艺对TiC增强高铬铸铁基复合材料性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(9): 105-112.
Jiahao XU, Xuanguo WANG, Zhenhua YAO. Effect of powder metallurgy preparation process on properties of TiC reinforced high chromium cast iron matrix composites. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(9): 105-112.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.001167 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I9/105

Table 1 高铬铸铁粉末的主要化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 不同球磨时间下混合粉末的SEM图
(a)5 min; (b)4 h; (c)8 h; (d)12 h

Fig.2 粉末的DSC曲线
(a)高铬铸铁粉末；(b)球磨12 h后的混合粉末

Fig.3 不同球磨时间下烧结试样的SEM图
(a)4 h; (b)8 h; (c)12 h

Fig.4 不同烧结温度下试样的XRD图

Fig.5 不同烧结温度下试样的SEM图
(a)1150 ℃; (b)1200 ℃; (c)1250 ℃; (d)1280 ℃

Fig.6 烧结温度对试样密度和硬度的影响

Fig.7 1280 ℃烧结试样的弯曲断口形貌

Fig.8 HCCI与TiC/HCCI复合材料的磨损失重

Fig.9 TiC/HCCI(a)和HCCI(b)的磨损形貌

Fig.10 TiC/HCCI(a)和HCCI(b)的磨损形貌及EDS元素分析

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