稀土Y和Sm对AZ91D镁合金组织与性能的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000443

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摘要

采用控制变量法研究单一稀土Y和复合稀土Y，Sm元素对AZ91D镁合金微观组织与力学性能的影响，分析稀土元素对AZ91D合金的细化机理。结果表明：复合添加稀土Y和Sm对AZ91D合金的作用效果明显好于单一添加稀土Y对AZ91D合金的作用效果，添加Y和Sm后，生成了块状相Al₂Y相和针状相Al₂Sm相，可以作为α-Mg的有效异质形核点。当加入量为0.8%（质量分数，下同）Y+1.0% Sm时，α-Mg晶粒尺寸最为细小，分布最为均匀，其合金的硬度、抗拉强度及伸长率分别为67.42HV，153.37 MPa和3.62%，改善了铸态AZ91D合金的室温力学性能，但是超过这个最佳添加量后，合金的室温力学性能开始下降。

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	杨湘杰
	郑彬
	付亮华
	杨颜

关键词 ：复合稀土, 镁合金, 晶粒细化, 力学性能

Abstract：

The effects of solo rare earth Y and combined rare earth Y and Sm elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy were studied by controlling variable method.The grain refinement mechanism of rare earth elements on AZ91D alloy was analyzed. The results show that the effect of combined addition of rare earth Y and Sm on AZ91D alloy is better than that of solo addition of rare earth Y significantly. More effective heterogeneous nucleation sites for α-Mg are achieved by adding Y and Sm to AZ91D alloy produced bulk phase Al₂Y and acicular phase Al₂Sm. When the addition content is 0.8% (mass fraction) Y and 1.0%Sm, the α-Mg grain size is the smallest and most uniform. The hardness, tensile strength and elongation of the alloy are 67.42HV, 153.37 MPa and 3.62% respectively, the mechanical properties of as-cast AZ91D alloy at room temperature are improved. However, the mechanical properties of the AZ91D alloy at room temperature decrease after exceeding this optimum addition.

Key words： mischmetal magnesium alloy grain refinement mechanical property

收稿日期: 2021-05-10 出版日期: 2022-07-18

中图分类号:

TG146.2⁺2

基金资助:高校与国家创新平台建设(13004204)

通讯作者: 杨湘杰 E-mail: yangxj@ncu.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨湘杰(1960—), 男, 教授, 研究方向为金属材料加工工艺, 联系地址: 江西省南昌市红谷滩新区学府大道999号南昌大学前湖校区机电工程学院(330031), E-mail: yangxj@ncu.edu.cn

引用本文:

杨湘杰, 郑彬, 付亮华, 杨颜. 稀土Y和Sm对AZ91D镁合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(7): 139-148.
Xiangjie YANG, Bin ZHENG, Lianghua FU, Yan YANG. Effect of Y and Sm on microstructure and properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(7): 139-148.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000443 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I7/139

Table 1 AZ91D镁合金化学成分(质量分数/%)

Table 2 中间合金的化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 不同Y含量AZ91D-x Y合金OM图
(a)x=0;(b)x=0.4;(c)x=0.8;(d)x=1.2;(e)x=1.6

Fig.2 铸态AZ91D-x Y合金扫描电镜图
(a)x=0;(b)x=0.8

Table 3 铸态AZ91D-x Y合金的EDS分析结果(原子分数/%)

Fig.3 铸态合金的XRD图谱

Fig.4 AZ91D合金扫描电镜图及其面扫描元素分布

Fig.5 AZ91D-0.8Y合金扫描电镜图及其面扫描元素分布

Fig.6 铸态合金的XRD图谱

Fig.7 不同Y和Sm含量AZ91D-x Y-ySm合金OM图
(a)x=0, y=0;(b)x=0.8, y=0;(c)x=0.8, y=0.5;(d)x=0.8, y=1.0;(e)x=0.8, y=1.5;(f)x=0.8, y=2.0

Fig.8 铸态合金的SEM图
(a)AZ91D;(b)AZ91D-0.8Y;(c)AZ91D-0.8Y-0.5Sm; (d)AZ91D-0.8Y-1.0Sm; (e)AZ91D-0.8Y-1.5Sm; (f)AZ91D-0.8Y-2.0Sm

Fig.9 AZ91D-x Y-ySm合金β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂相体积分数

Fig.10 AZ91D-0.8Y-1.0Sm合金扫描电镜图及所表征相EDS分析
(a)SEM图；(b)β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂; (c)Al₂Y+Al₂Sm; (d)Al₂Sm

Fig.11 AZ91D-0.8Y-1.0Sm合金SEM图及其面扫描元素分布

Fig.12 铸态AZ91D-x Y-ySm合金的硬度

Fig.13 铸态AZ91D-x Y-ySm合金的拉伸性能

Table 4 Lattice mismatch of α-Mg, Al₂Y and Al₂Sm phases^[19-20]

Fig.14 AZ91D-x Y-ySm合金晶粒细化机理示意图
(a)solidification process of AZ91D alloys; (b)AZ91D alloy melt contained Al₂Y and Al₂Sm particles; (c)solidification process of AZ91D alloys with Al₂Y and Al₂Sm particles

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