电子束选区熔化成形Ti<sub>2</sub>AlNb合金微观组织与性能

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000958

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摘要

Ti₂AlNb基合金由于具有优异的高温比强度、高温抗蠕变性能和较高的断裂韧度，因而被认为是替代传统镍基高温合金最具潜力的材料。采用电子束选区熔化（selective electron beam melting，SEBM）技术成形Ti-22Al-25Nb合金，通过工艺优化获得高致密度（5.42~5.43 g/cm³）的成形试样。研究了沉积态和热等静压（hot isostatic pressing，HIP）态试样的显微组织演变、物相演变及其对力学性能的影响。结果表明：沉积态和HIP态组织呈现出沿成形方向的柱状晶结构，且均由B2，O和α₂相组成，沉积态试样中的O/α₂相自上而下逐渐增加，HIP后组织趋于均匀化，且相对沉积态，析出相的宽度缩小、数量减少。沉积态试样中析出相较多的下部区域具有更高的显微硬度（（345.87±5.09）HV），HIP后试样硬度值增加至388.91~390.48HV。沉积态试样室温抗拉强度和伸长率分别为（1061±23.71）MPa和（3.67±1.15）%，HIP后抗拉强度增加至（1101±23.07）MPa，伸长率降低至3.5%。

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	车倩颖
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关键词 ： Ti₂AlNb基合金, 电子束选区熔化, 致密度, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

Ti₂AlNb based alloys is considered to be the most potential material material to replace the traditional Ni-based superalloys, because of its excellent high-temperature specific strength, creep resistance and high fracture toughness. Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy was fabricated by selective electron beam melting(SEBM), and the density of as-built samples reached 5.42-5.43 g/cm³through process optimization. The microstructure, phase evolution and mechanical property of the as-built and HIPed Ti₂AlNb alloy samples were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the as-built and HIPed samples both show the columnar crystalline structures along the deposition direction, which are all composed of B2, O and α₂ phases, and the amount of O/α₂ phase gradually increases from top to bottom. After HIP, the width and amount of the O/α₂ phase are reduced and relatively uniform when compared with that of the as-built samples. In the bottom area, the microhardness of the as-built sample exhibits higher value of about (345.87±5.09)HV, while the hardness increases to 388.91-390.48HV after HIP. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the as-built sample at room temperature are (1061±23.71) MPa and (3.67±1.15)% respectively, and the ultimate tensile strength increases to (1101±23.07) MPa and the elongation reduces to 3.5% after HIP.

Key words： Ti₂AlNb based alloy selective electron beam melting density microstructure mechanical property

收稿日期: 2021-09-28 出版日期: 2022-07-18

中图分类号:

TG113

基金资助:广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B090904001);陕西省科技重大专项(S2020-ZDZX-ZNZC-0003)

通讯作者: 贺卫卫 E-mail: hewi126@126.com

作者简介: 贺卫卫(1980—), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要从事高品质球形金属粉末制备及稀有金属粉床电子束增材制造研究, 联系地址: 西安市经济技术开发区明光路1号出口加工区西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司(710018), E-mail: hewi126@126.com

引用本文:

车倩颖, 贺卫卫, 李会霞, 程康康, 王宇. 电子束选区熔化成形Ti₂AlNb合金微观组织与性能[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(7): 156-164.
Qianying CHE, Weiwei HE, Huixia LI, Kangkang CHENG, Yu WANG. Microstructure and property of Ti₂AlNb alloy by selective electron beam melting. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(7): 156-164.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000958 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I7/156

Table 1 Ti-22Al-25Nb粉末和成形试棒化学成分

Fig.1 Ti-22Al-25Nb合金粉末形貌

Fig.2 SEBM成形Ti₂AlNb试样照片(a)，不同高度显微组织取样示意图(b)及拉伸试样图(c)

Fig.3 SEBM成形Ti₂AlNb合金的加工窗口

Fig.4 线能量密度与试样密度的关系

Fig.5 沉积态(1)和热等静压态(2)Ti₂AlNb合金不同高度处显微组织
(a)试样1；(b)试样2；(c)试样3；(d)试样4；(e)试样5

Fig.6 沉积态(a)和HIP态(b)Ti₂AlNb合金显微组织SEM照片

Fig.7 沉积态(a)和HIP态(b)试样不同高度处的XRD图谱

Fig.8 沉积态和HIP态试样不同高度处显微硬度

Fig.9 Ti₂AlNb合金室温拉伸性能

Fig.10 拉伸断口SEM照片
(a)沉积态；(b)HIP态

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