激光选区熔化颗粒增强钛基复合材料的抗压性能

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.001054

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摘要

采用激光选区熔化(selective laser melting, SLM)制备LaB₆颗粒增强钛基复合材料, 研究不同激光能量密度下试样的致密化行为、显微组织、物相及其在准静态和动态冲击条件下的力学性能。结果表明: LaB₆颗粒的加入在一定程度上改变了材料的致密化行为, 过高或者过低的激光能量密度均会降低试样的致密度。而增强颗粒的加入细化了基体材料的晶粒, 钛合金的初始β晶粒及针状α晶粒的晶界有一定程度的弱化, 从而导致复合材料的屈服强度和极限强度增加, 但延展性降低, 同时复合材料表现出明显的应变率强化效应。与SLM成型Ti-6Al-4V合金相比, 复合材料在塑性段的应变硬化效应和失稳阶段的脆性断裂特征更显著, 为激光增材制造高性能颗粒增强钛基复合材料的动态抗压性能优化提供理论基础。

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	彭斌意
	刘洋
	郑晓董
	李治国
	李国平
	胡建波
	王永刚

关键词 ：激光选区熔化, 钛基复合材料, 颗粒增强, 动态压缩性能

Abstract：

Selective laser melting (SLM) was used to prepare LaB₆ particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites(PRTMCs), the influence of laser energy on the densification behavior, phase, microstructure and the corresponding mechanical properties under quasi-static and impacting conditions were studied.The results show that the densification behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is changed to some extent by the introduction of LaB₆ particles, and the density of PRTMCs is reduced by either too high or too low laser energy input.Significant grain refinement happens after the addition of LaB₆ particles, the grain boundary of the initial β and acicular α is weakened.As a consequence, the yield stress and ultimate compressive stress of the PRTMCs are enhanced but the ductility is weakened to some extent, meanwhile, PRTMCs exhibit obvious strain rate strengthening effect.Compared with the SLMed Ti-6Al-4V, the strain strengthening effect in the plastic deformation stage and brittle fracture characteristics in the instability stage of PRTMCs become more notable.Through this study, a theoretical basis for the dynamic compressive performance of laser additive manufactured PRTMCs can be provided.

Key words： selective laser melting titanium matrix composite particle reinforcement dynamic com-pressive property

收稿日期: 2021-11-02 出版日期: 2022-06-20

中图分类号:

TG146.2⁺3

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51905279);国家自然科学基金项目(11972202);科学挑战项目(TZ2018001);国防科技重点实验室稳定支持科研项目(JCKYS2019212009);国防科技重点实验室基金项目(6142A03201002)

通讯作者: 刘洋 E-mail: liuyang1@nbu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘洋(1987—)，男，副教授，博士，主要从事钛合金、铝合金、高温合金、复合材料的增材制造工艺及其在极端载荷作用下的承载能力研究，联系地址：浙江省宁波市江北区风华路818号宁波大学绣山工程楼408(315211)，E-mail: liuyang1@nbu.edu.cn

引用本文:

彭斌意, 刘洋, 郑晓董, 李治国, 李国平, 胡建波, 王永刚. 激光选区熔化颗粒增强钛基复合材料的抗压性能[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(6): 36-48.
Binyi PENG, Yang LIU, Xiaodong ZHENG, Zhiguo LI, Guoping LI, Jianbo HU, Yonggang WANG. Compression resistance of particle reinforced titanium matrix composites prepared by selective laser melting. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(6): 36-48.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.001054 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I6/36

Table 1 Ti-6Al-4V合金的化学成分 (质量分数/%)

Fig.1 原始材料及复合材料SEM图和EDS图
(a)Ti-6Al-4V；(b)LaB₆；(c)复合材料粉末；(d) La元素的EDS分布图

Fig.2 SLM成形试样图

Fig.3 SLM成形试样相对密度图

Fig.4 Ti-6Al-4V和TMC2试样的XRD谱图

Fig.5 增强颗粒高倍能谱分析

Fig.6 表面微观组织OM图
(a)Ti-6Al-4V;(b)TMC1;(c)TMC2;(d)TMC3;(e)TMC4

Fig.7 微观组织SEM图
(a)Ti-6Al-4V；(b)TMC1；(c)TMC2；(d)TMC4

Fig.8 SLM成形试样的EBSD反极图(IPF)(1)与极图(PF)(2)
(a)Ti-6Al-4V;(b)TMC2;(c)TMC4

Fig.9 SLM成形试样的晶界图(1)及晶粒尺寸图(2)
(a)Ti-6Al-4V;(b)TMC2;(c)TMC4

Fig.10 SLM成形试样维氏硬度图

Fig.11 激光选区熔化成型钛基复合材料的准静态抗压性能
(a)真实应力-应变曲线; (b)屈服强度和极限强度

Table 2 其他文献中钛基复合材料试样的准静态压缩性能与本文结果对比

Fig.12 压缩试样的断裂形貌
(a)Ti-6Al-4V;(b)TMC2

Fig.13 激光选区熔化钛基复合材料的动态压缩性能
(a)真实应力-应变曲线; (b)屈服强度和极限强度

Fig.14 激光选区熔化钛基复合材料(TMC2)在不同应变率下的动态压缩性能
(a)真实应力-应变曲线; (b)屈服强度和极限强度

Fig.15 高速冲击后试样的断裂形貌
(a) Ti-6Al-4V;(b)TMC2

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