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2222材料工程  2022, Vol. 50 Issue (9): 137-149    DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.001254
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
310S耐热钢的高温氧化行为
孟倩1,*(), 李东阳1, 杨江仁2, 刘天增3
1 兰州交通大学 材料科学与工程学院, 兰州 730070
2 兰州理工大学 材料科学与工程学院, 兰州 730050
3 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 不锈钢研究所, 甘肃 嘉峪关 735100
High temperature oxidation behavior of 310S heat-resistant steel
Qian MENG1,*(), Dongyang LI1, Jiangren YANG2, Tianzeng LIU3
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
3 Stainless Steel Research Institute of Hongxing Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Gansu Jiuquan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Jiayuguan 735100, Gansu, China
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摘要 

采用静态氧化不连续增重法研究晶粒尺寸和成分存在差异的两种310S耐热钢(1#和2#)在800~1100 ℃下的氧化动力学与膜结构，比较两者的氧化性能差异，阐明氧化膜的生长机制和差异形成原因。结果表明：800~900 ℃时氧化膜均由富Si氧化层和富Cr氧化层组成，1#试样的氧化速率更低；1000 ℃时氧化膜中增加了Cr-Mn氧化物层并在1100 ℃时转变为Cr-Mn-Fe氧化层，并且两者的氧化速率接近；整体上2#试样的氧化膜在所有温度下更加致密、平整，黏附性更好，保护能力更强。特别在1100 ℃时，两者的富Cr氧化层和Cr-Mn-Fe氧化层的形态分化较大，2#试样的氧化膜形态更有利于长期的抗氧化性能。总体上，2#试样的抗氧化性优于1#试样。2#试样所具备的更小的平均晶粒尺寸和更均匀的晶粒提高了择优氧化元素的扩散通量并降低氧化膜的非均匀生长，造成两者氧化性能的差异。
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孟倩
李东阳
杨江仁
刘天增
关键词 ： 310S耐热钢,  高温氧化,  氧化动力学,  氧化膜结构    
Abstract：

The oxidation kinetics and film structure of two kinds of 310S heat-resistant steels (1# and 2#) with different grain sizes and composition at 800-1100 ℃ were studied by static oxidation discontinuous mass gain method. The differences of oxidation properties between the two steels were compared, and the growth mechanism of oxide film and the reasons for the differences were clarified. The results show that the oxide film is composed of Si-rich oxide layer and Cr-rich oxide layer and the oxidation rate of sample 1# is lower at 800-900 ℃; Cr-Mn oxide layer is added to the oxide film at 1000 ℃ and is transformed into Cr-Mn-Fe oxide layer at 1100 ℃, and their oxidation rates are similar; on the whole, the oxide film of sample 2# is denser, smoother, more adherent and more protective at all temperatures. Particularly, the spinel layer and the chromium oxide layer of the two are greatly different in the form at 1100 ℃, and the form of the oxide film of sample 2# is more conducive to long-term oxidation resistance. In general, the oxidation resistance of sample 2# is better than that of sample 1#. The smaller average grain size and more uniform grain of sample 2# improve the diffusion flux of preferred oxidation elements and reduce the uneven growth of oxide film, resulting in the differences of oxidation properties between the two.
Key words： 310S heat-resistant steel    high temperature oxidation    oxidation kinetics    oxide film structure
收稿日期: 2022-01-04      出版日期: 2022-09-20
中图分类号:  TG142.1  
基金资助:甘肃省教育厅创新基金项目(2021A-038);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA226)
通讯作者: 孟倩     E-mail: mymqmm@163.com
作者简介: 孟倩(1979—)，女，副教授，博士，主要从事不锈钢材料研究，联系地址：甘肃省兰州市安宁区安宁西路88号兰州交通大学材料科学与工程学院(730070)，E-mail: mymqmm@163.com
引用本文:   
孟倩, 李东阳, 杨江仁, 刘天增. 310S耐热钢的高温氧化行为[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(9): 137-149.
Qian MENG, Dongyang LI, Jiangren YANG, Tianzeng LIU. High temperature oxidation behavior of 310S heat-resistant steel. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(9): 137-149.
链接本文:  
http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.001254      或      http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I9/137
Sample C N Cr Ni Mn Si Mo Cu Co V P Fe
1# 0.053 0.036 24.22 19.17 0.92 0.570 0.027 0.083 0.154 0.068 0.022 Bal
2# 0.044 0.042 24.98 19.07 0.80 0.462 0.181 0.155 0.145 0.043 0.022 Bal
Table 1  310S耐热钢化学成分(质量分数/%)
Fig.1  1#(a)和2#(b)试样的金相组织
Sample Grain size/grade Average grain size/μm Ra/%
1# 5.0 63.5 9.46
2# 7.0 31.8 3.91
Table 2  310S耐热钢晶粒度评定结果
Fig.2  1#和2#试样在不同温度下单位氧化增重曲线(a)800~900 ℃; (b)1000~1100 ℃
Fig.3  1#和2#试样氧化时间与单位增重平方的关系
(a)800 ℃; (b)900 ℃; (c)1000 ℃; (d)1100 ℃
Sample Temperature/℃ Kp/(g2·m-4·s-1) R2 Q/(kJ·mol-1)
1# 800 3.66×10－5 0.925 177.64
900 4.76×10－5 0.981
1000 2.16×10－4 0.957
1100 3.24×10－3 0.980
2# 800 1.17×10－5 0.953 229.70
900 2.18×10－5 0.904
1000 2.55×10－4 0.967
1100 3.05×10－3 0.970
Table 3  不同温度下310S耐热不锈钢的氧化速率常数、R2及激活能
Fig.4  不同温度下1/T与lnKp的关系
Fig.5  1#(a)和2#(b)试样在800~1100 ℃时氧化168 h后的XRD图谱
Fig.6  1#和2#试样在800 ℃与900 ℃下氧化168 h的SEM形貌
(a)1#, 800 ℃; (b)2#, 800 ℃; (c)1#, 900 ℃; (d)2#, 900 ℃
Region O Cr Mn Fe Ni Si
1 19.46 73.46 3.22 2.65 1.21 —
2 27.38 42.61 — 19.77 8.16 2.08
3 22.26 72.19 1.65 2.86 1.03 —
4 22.37 63.28 9.14 5.21 — —
5 25.82 59.30 1.74 13.14 — —
6 18.62 68.40 10.33 2.65 — —
Table 4  图 6中氧化膜的EDS成分分析(质量分数/%)
Fig.7  1#和2#试样在800 ℃与900 ℃下氧化168 h的氧化膜截面SEM形貌
(a)1#, 800 ℃; (b)2#, 800 ℃; (c)1#, 900 ℃; (d)2#, 900 ℃
Fig.8  1#和2#试样在800 ℃与900 ℃下氧化168 h的氧化膜截面SEM形貌及元素分布
(a)1#, 800 ℃; (b)2#, 800 ℃; (c)1#, 900 ℃; (d)2#, 900 ℃
Fig.9  1#和2#试样在1000 ℃与1100 ℃下氧化168 h的SEM形貌
(a)1#, 1000 ℃; (b)2#, 1000 ℃; (c)1#, 1100 ℃; (d)2#, 1100 ℃
Region O Cr Mn Fe Ni Si
1 16.16 48.58 26.82 6.03 2.41 —
2 24.55 44.59 28.39 2.47 — —
3 30.29 67.07 — 1.80 — 0.84
4 27.86 43.40 19.87 8.87 — —
5 20.97 40.43 29.18 7.90 1.51 —
6 26.02 68.31 — 2.74 1.05 1.88
Table 5  图 9中氧化膜的EDS成分分析(质量分数/%)
Fig.10  1#和2#试样在1000 ℃与1100 ℃下氧化168 h的氧化膜截面SEM形貌
(a)1#, 1000 ℃; (b)2#, 1000 ℃; (c)1#, 1100 ℃; (d)2#, 1100 ℃
Fig.11  1#和2#试样在1000 ℃与1100 ℃下氧化168 h的氧化膜截面SEM形貌及元素分布
(a)1#, 1000 ℃; (b)2#, 1000 ℃; (c)1#, 1100 ℃; (d)2#, 1100 ℃
Fig.12  310S耐热钢在不同温度下的氧化膜形成机制
(a)800 ℃; (b)900 ℃; (c)1000 ℃; (d)1100 ℃
Sample Thickness/μm
800 ℃ 900 ℃ 1000 ℃ 1100 ℃
1# 15.00 8.01 13.96 14.45
2# 5.07 6.05 13.13 19.80
Table 6  不同温度下1#和2#试样氧化膜厚度
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