热处理非晶态Ni-P合金镀层的晶化过程

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.09.018

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摘要

运用电沉积的方法在45钢基体上制备Ni-P合金镀层，使用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和热重法（TG）分析非晶态Ni-P合金镀层在20℃/min加热速率下的热效应和质量变化。在300℃和400℃分别对镀层进行0，15，30，45，60，75min的热处理，采用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、显微硬度计对镀层进行表征。结果表明：Ni-P合金镀层在加热过程中的放热峰出现在284.8℃处，镀层的质量和元素组成稳定；晶化过程经历了非晶态、亚稳态NiP和Ni₅P₂、稳定态Ni₃P的转变；经过热处理后，镀层的显微硬度显著提高，最大值达1036.56HV，约为镀态的2倍；热处理态镀层的耐NaCl溶液腐蚀性能比镀态有所下降，但两者都比45钢基体好。

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	金世伟
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关键词 ： Ni-P合金镀层, 电沉积, 晶化, 显微硬度

Abstract：

Amorphous Ni-P alloy coatings were prepared on 45 carbon steel blocks using electrodeposition method. The thermal effect and quality change of Ni-P alloy coating under heating rate of 20℃/min were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). Coatings were heat-treated at 300℃ and 400℃ for 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75min respectively, coating surface was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness tester. The result shows that the exothermic peak of Ni-P alloy coating appears at 284.8℃, coating quality and elemental composition are stable during the heat treatment. Crystallization process experiences a transformation of amorphous, metastable state NiP and Ni₅P₂, stable state Ni₃P. The microhardness of coating can be improved remarkably after heat treatment, namely, the maximum value of heat-treated coating is 1036.56HV, which is nearly 2 times as hard as as-deposited coating. The corrosion resistance of heat-treated Ni-P alloy coating in NaCl solution is inferior to as-deposited coating, but they are both much better than 45 carbon steel substrate.

Key words： Ni-P alloy coating electrodeposition crystallization microhardness

收稿日期: 2014-10-15 出版日期: 2016-09-27

中图分类号:	TG166.7
	TG174.44

基金资助:2014年度苏北科技专项资金项目(BN2014019);国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410307079);江苏省普通高校研究生实践创新计划项目(SJLX_0250)

通讯作者: 康敏 E-mail: kangmin@njau.edu.cn

作者简介: 康敏(1965-), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事特种加工、表面改性等方面的研究, 联系地址:江苏省南京市浦口区点将台路40号南京农业大学工学院机械工程系(210031), E-mail:kangmin@njau.edu.cn

引用本文:

金世伟, 康敏, 邵越, 杜晓霞, 张欣颖. 热处理非晶态Ni-P合金镀层的晶化过程[J]. 材料工程, 2016, 44(9): 115-120.
Shi-wei JIN, Min KANG, Yue SHAO, Xiao-xia DU, Xin-ying ZHANG. Crystallization Process of Heat-treated Amorphous Ni-P Alloy Coating. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2016, 44(9): 115-120.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.09.018 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2016/V44/I9/115

Fig.1 Ni-P合金镀层的DTA曲线

Fig.2 Ni-P合金镀层的表面形貌
(a)镀态；(b)热处理态

Fig.3 Ni-P合金镀层表面能谱图
(a)镀态；(b)热处理态

Fig.4 两种温度下热处理不同时间Ni-P合金镀层的X射线衍射花样
(a)300℃；(b)400℃

Fig.5 不同热处理条件下镀层的显微硬度值

Fig.6 经过热处理后镀层和基体的压痕

Fig.7 经NaCl溶液腐蚀后镀层和基体的表面形貌
(a)镀态；(b)热处理态；(c)45钢基体

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