石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合石墨纤维的结构与性能

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.000251

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采用干湿法纺丝工艺制备氧化石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合纤维，然后将复合纤维进行炭化和石墨化处理得到石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合碳纤维及石墨纤维。对复合碳纤维进行热重分析、Raman、力学性能、传导性能、形貌等测试分析。结果表明，氧化石墨烯添加量为0.3%（质量分数，下同）的复合纤维的耐热性能最佳；氧化石墨烯的加入，使石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合碳纤维的力学性能和传导性能明显提高，石墨化程度增加。当复合碳纤维2800℃石墨化后，氧化石墨烯含量增加到2.0%时，复合石墨纤维的热导率达到435.57 W·m^-1·K^-1，结构更加致密。

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关键词 ：石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合石墨纤维, 热稳定性, 力学性能, 传导性能

Abstract：

Dry-wet spinning process was used to gain graphene oxide/polyimide composite fibers, then graphene/polyimide composite carbon and graphite fibers were obtained through carbonized and graphitized. Different graphene oxide contents of the composite carbon and graphite fibers were measured by thermal gravimetric analysis, Raman, mechanical properties, electrical properties, SEM and so on. The results show that when the GO content is 0.3%(mass fraction, the same below), the thermal property of the graphene oxide/polyimide composite fibers is the best. The mechanical and electrical properties are obriously improved by the addition of GO, graphitization degree also increases. When the composite carbon fibers are treated at 2800℃, GO content increases to 2.0%, the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite fibers reaches 435.57W·m^-1·K^-1 and cross-section structures of carbon fibers are more compact.

Key words： GO/PI composite graphite fiber thermal stability mechanical property conductivity property

收稿日期: 2015-09-10 出版日期: 2017-09-16

中图分类号:

TQ342⁺.74

基金资助:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB013403)

通讯作者: 马兆昆 E-mail: mazk@mail.buct.edu.cn

作者简介: 马兆昆(1976-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事高导热碳材料的研制和应用研究, 联系地址:北京市北三环东路15号34信箱(100029), E-mail:mazk@mail.buct.edu.cn

引用本文:

李娜, 马兆昆, 陈铭, 宋怀河, 李昂, 贾月荣. 石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合石墨纤维的结构与性能[J]. 材料工程, 2017, 45(9): 31-37.
Na LI, Zhao-kun MA, Ming CHEN, Huai-he SONG, Ang LI, Yue-rong JIA. Structures and Performance of Graphene/Polyimide Composite Graphite Fibers. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2017, 45(9): 31-37.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.000251 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2017/V45/I9/31

Fig.1 PAA纤维(a)、PI纤维(b)和不同GO含量的GO/PI复合纤维(c)
(GO/PI纤维从左到右GO含量依次为0%，0.3%，0.5%，1.0%，2.0%)

Fig.2 PI纤维和0.3%GO/PI复合纤维的红外图谱

Fig.3 1000℃炭化的不同GO含量的GO/PI复合纤维的拉曼光谱

Fig.4 2800℃石墨化的不同GO含量的GO/PI复合石墨纤维的拉曼光谱

Table 1 不同GO含量复合碳纤维的拉曼分析

Fig.5 1000℃炭化的复合碳纤维的截面形貌
(a)0%GO; (b)0.3%GO; (c)1.0%GO

Fig.6 2800℃处理后的复合石墨纤维的截面形貌
(a)0%GO; (b)0.3%GO; (c)1.0%GO

Fig.7 不同GO含量的复合纤维的TG曲线

Table 2 不同GO含量复合纤维的热重分析

Fig.8 1000℃炭化后的石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合碳纤维的电阻率和热导率

Fig.9 2800℃热处理后石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合石墨纤维的电阻率和热导率

Fig.10 GO/PI复合碳纤维的力学性能随GO含量的变化

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