SiC微/纳米纤维毡增强SiO<sub>2</sub>气凝胶复合材料的制备和表征

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.001493

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章
Metrics

全文: PDF(3306 KB)

HTML ( 10 )
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS) 背景资料

文章导读

摘要

以聚碳硅烷为先驱体进行静电纺丝，制备PCS微/纳米纤维毡，通过交联和高温热处理工艺得到柔性无定型SiC微/纳米纤维毡，然后以纤维毡作为增强体，结合溶胶-凝胶和超临界干燥技术，制备SiC微/纳米纤维毡增强SiO₂气凝胶复合材料（SiC/SiO₂）。结果表明：制备的SiC纤维毡平均直径为1.7μm，横向抗拉强度为0.6MPa，伸长率为6.0%。SiC微/纳米纤维毡与SiO₂气凝胶基体具有较好的相容性，SiC/SiO₂气凝胶复合材料疏水角为132°，比表面积为241.8m²/g，平均孔径为12.0nm，SiC微/纳米纤维毡在增强气凝胶韧性的同时保持了其良好的耐温性和疏水性能。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	余煜玺
	马锐

关键词 ： SiC微/纳米纤维毡, SiO₂气凝胶, 静电纺丝

Abstract：

Flexible and amorphous silicon carbide micro/nano fibrous mats were prepared by electrospinning technology with polycarbosilane(PCS)as the precursor to prepare PCS micro/nano fibrous mats and followed by cross-linking and high temperature heat treatment process. The silicon carbide micro/nano fibrous mats reinforced silica aerogel composites (silicon carbide/silica aerogel) were prepared by using the SiC as the reinforcing material, and combining the sol-gel and super-critical drying technology. The results show that the average diameter of SiC fiber mats is about 1.7μm, the transverse tensile strength is 0.6MPa, and elongation is 6.0%. SiC micro/nano fibrous mat and SiO₂ aerogel matrix have better compatibility, the hydrophobic angle of SiC/SiO₂ aerogel composites is 132°, specific surface area is 241.8m²/g and the mean pore diameter is 12.0nm. SiC micro/nano fibrous mats strengthen the toughness of aerogel while maintaining its good thermal insulation and hydrophobic properties.

Key words： silicon carbide micro/nano fibrous mat silica aerogel electrospinning

收稿日期: 2017-12-05 出版日期: 2018-11-19

中图分类号:

TB332

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51675452);国防预研基金(6140923020301);反应堆燃料及材料重点实验室基金(6142A060403)

通讯作者: 余煜玺 E-mail: yu_heart@xmu.edu.cn

作者简介: 余煜玺(1974-), 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 从事先驱体陶瓷和器件的设计与制备、极端环境应用的新材料与器件和气凝胶材料, 联系地址:福建省厦门市厦门大学材料科学与工程系(361005), E-mail:yu_heart@xmu.edu.cn

引用本文:

余煜玺, 马锐. SiC微/纳米纤维毡增强SiO₂气凝胶复合材料的制备和表征[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(11): 45-50.
Yu-xi YU, Rui MA. Preparation and Characterization of Silicon Carbide Micro/Nano Fibrous Mat Reinforced Silica Aerogel Composites. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(11): 45-50.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2017.001493 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V46/I11/45

Fig.1 SiC/SiO₂气凝胶复合材料的制备流程

Fig.2 SiC微/纳米纤维毡的光学照片(a), SEM图像(b)和直径分布图(c)

Fig.3 PCS和SiC微/纳米纤维毡的XRD图谱

Fig.4 SiC微/纳米纤维毡的纵向(a)和横向(b)拉伸曲线

Fig.5 SiC微/纳米纤维毡增强SiO₂气凝胶复合材料的实物图(a), 截面SEM图(b)和界面SEM图(c)

Fig.6 水滴接触SiC/SiO₂气凝胶复合材料实物图(a)和接触角(b)

Fig.7 纯SiO₂气凝胶和SiC/SiO₂气凝胶复合材料的N₂吸附-脱附等温曲线(a)和孔径分布(b)

1	SCHAEFER D W , KEEFER K D . Structure of random porous materials:silica aerogel[J]. Physical Review Letters, 1986, 56 (20): 2199- 2202. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.56.2199
2	KISTLER S S . Coherent expanded aerogels and jellies[J]. Nature, 1931, 127, 741.
3	HRUBESH L W . Aerogel applications[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 1998, 225, 335- 342. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00135-5
4	余煜玺, 吴晓云, 伞海生. 常压干燥制备疏水性SiO₂-玻璃纤维复合气凝胶及表征[J]. 材料工程, 2015, 43 (8): 31- 36.
4	YU Y X , WU X Y , SAN H S . Preparation and characterization of hydrophobic SiO₂-glass fibers aerogels via ambient pressure drying[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2015, 43 (8): 31- 36.
5	GURAV J L , JUNG I K , PARK H H , et al. Silica aerogel:synthesis and applications[J]. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2010, (24): 23.
6	WEI G , LIU Y , ZHANG X , et al. Thermal conductivities study on silica aerogel and its composite insulation materials[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2011, 54 (11): 2355- 2366.
7	RAO A P , RAO A V , BANGI U K H . Low thermal conductive, transparent and hydrophobic ambient pressure dried silica aerogels with various preparation conditions using sodium silicate solutions[J]. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2008, 47 (1): 85- 94. doi: 10.1007/s10971-008-1746-8
8	WOIGNIER T , PRIMERA J , ALAOUI A H , et al. Mechanical behaviour of nano composite aerogels[J]. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2011, 58 (2): 385- 393. doi: 10.1007/s10971-011-2404-0
9	FRANK D, THONNESSEN F, ZIMMERMANN A. Fiber web/aerogel composite material comprising bicomponent fibers, production thereof and use thereof: US 5786059[P]. 1998-07-28.
10	高庆福, 冯坚, 张长瑞, 等. 陶瓷纤维增强氧化硅气凝胶隔热复合材料的力学性能[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2009, 37 (1): 1- 5.
10	GAO Q F , FENG J , ZHANG C R , et al. Mechanical properties of ceramic fiber-reinforced silica aerogel insulation composites[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2009, 37 (1): 1- 5.
11	SHI X , ZHANG S C , CHEN Y F , et al. Effects of infrared scattering powders on the thermal properties of porous SiO₂ insulation material[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2010, 434, 689- 692.
12	余煜玺, 朱孟伟. 高球形度、高比表面积SiO₂/TiO₂气凝胶小球的制备和表征[J]. 材料工程, 2017, 45 (2): 7- 11.
12	YU Y X , ZHU M W . Preparation and characterization of highly spherical silica-titania aerogel beads with high surface area[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2017, 45 (2): 7- 11.
13	林本兰, 崔升, 沈晓冬, 等. 六钛酸钾晶须掺杂改性气凝胶的结构和性能[J]. 南京工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 34 (1): 20- 23.
13	LIN B L , CUI S , SHEN X D , et al. Microstructure and properties of PTW-doped SiO₂ aerogels[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2012, 34 (1): 20- 23.
14	刘洪丽, 邓青沂, 褚鹏. 超临界干燥制备PSNB气凝胶及其超疏水性能研究[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46 (2): 22- 26.
14	LIU H L , DENG Q Y , CHU P . Preparation and hydrophobic properties of polyborosilazane aerogels via CO₂ supercritical drying[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46 (2): 22- 26.
15	YU Y X , CHEN Y , AN L . Flexible hydrophobic and lipophilic aluminum-doped silicon carbide fibrous mats synthesized by electrospinning polyaluminocarbosilane[J]. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2014, 11 (4): 699- 705. doi: 10.1111/ijac.12081
16	韩乃红, 杨杰, 刘瑞祥, 等. 红外遮蔽剂在耐高温高性能隔热材料中的应用[J]. 现代技术陶瓷, 2013, 34 (3): 7- 10.
16	HAN N H , YANG J , LIU R X , et al. Application of infrared screening agent in high temperature and high performance thermal insulation materials[J]. Advanced Ceramics, 2013, 34 (3): 7- 10.
17	MUSA C , ORRÙ R , SCITI D , et al. Synthesis, consolidation and characterization of monolithic and SiC whiskers reinforced HfB₂ ceramics[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2013, 33 (3): 603- 614. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2012.10.004
18	YANG W , ARAKI H , TANG C , et al. Single-crystal SiC nanowires with a thin carbon coating for stronger and tougher ceramic composites[J]. Advanced Materials, 2005, 17 (12): 1519- 1523. doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1521-4095
19	FU Q , GU C , LI H , et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC nanowires reinforced hydroxyapatite coating on carbon/carbon composites[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2013, 563, 133- 137. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2012.11.053
20	ZEKENTES K , ROGDAKIS K . SiC nanowires:material and devices[J]. Journal Physics D:Applied Physics, 2011, 44, 1- 17.

[1]	余煜玺, 贾嫣婷, 黄柳英, 朱建, 丛明辉, 宋经远. 低温SiO₂气凝胶基复合相变材料的制备与性能分析[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(8): 115-123.
[2]	曹倩, 杨晶晶, 陈卫星, 王趁红, 吴新明, 雷亚萍. PEO基固态聚合物电解质膜的静电纺丝制备及性能[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(10): 148-156.
[3]	沈慧颖, 吕子豪, 庄粟裕, 曹秀明, 王清清. 静电纺CA/PpIX多孔纤维膜的制备及其光动力性能[J]. 材料工程, 2021, 49(5): 89-97.
[4]	谢超, 邢健, 丁玉梅, 王循, 杨卫民, 李好义. 熔体微分电纺回收PP无纺布纳米纤维膜制备及吸油性能[J]. 材料工程, 2020, 48(6): 125-131.
[5]	巩桂芬, 徐阿文, 邹明贵, 邢韵, 辛浩. EVOH-SO₃Li/P(VDF-HFP)/HAP锂离子电池隔膜的制备及电化学性能[J]. 材料工程, 2020, 48(5): 75-82.
[6]	王循, 丁玉梅, 余韶阳, 杜琳, 杨卫民, 李好义, 陈明军. 熔体微分电纺PLA/OMMT可降解纳米纤维膜制备及污染处理[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(7): 99-105.
[7]	龚文正, 常保宁, 阮诗伦, 申长雨. 静电纺丝聚芳醚砜酮纤维膜穿刺强度研究[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(4): 32-38.
[8]	张飒, 王建江, 赵芳, 刘嘉玮. 电纺Co掺杂碳纳米纤维的制备及其吸波性能[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(12): 118-123.
[9]	舒华金, 吴春萱, 杨康, 刘廷武, 李晨, 曹传亮. 快速膨胀海藻酸钠/二氧化硅纤维复合支架的制备及其快速止血功能的应用[J]. 材料工程, 2019, 47(12): 124-129.
[10]	龚文正, 周晶晶, 阮诗伦, 申长雨. 静电纺丝与静电喷雾技术共纺制备PPESK/PVDF复合锂电池隔膜[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(3): 1-6.
[11]	巩桂芬, 王磊, 兰健. EVOH-SO₃Li/PET电纺锂离子电池隔膜电化学性能[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(3): 7-12.
[12]	陈俊, 张代军, 张天骄, 包建文, 钟翔屿, 张朋, 刘巍. 溶液静电纺丝制备热塑性聚酰亚胺超细纤维无纺布[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(2): 41-49.
[13]	李甫, 康卫民, 程博闻, 费鹏飞, 董永春. 负载银中空纳米碳纤维的制备及电化学性能[J]. 材料工程, 2016, 44(11): 56-60.
[14]	余煜玺, 吴晓云, 伞海生. 常压干燥制备疏水性SiO₂-玻璃纤维复合气凝胶及表征[J]. 材料工程, 2015, 43(8): 31-36.
[15]	侯桂香, 谢建强, 姚少巍, 张翠云. PAN/插层高岭石复合材料制备及静电纺丝性能[J]. 材料工程, 2015, 43(10): 49-54.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed