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2222材料工程  2021, Vol. 49 Issue (5): 56-65    DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000792
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相变储湿复合材料及其应用研究进展
张浩(), 臧君杰, 李海丽, 宗志芳
安徽工业大学 建筑工程学院, 安徽 马鞍山 243032
Research status and application of phase change humidity storage composite materials
Hao ZHANG(), Jun-jie ZANG, Hai-li LI, Zhi-fang ZONG
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243032, Anhui, China
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摘要 

人类在面临化石能源枯竭的同时，对能量的利用率依然还停留在较低的水平。因此，在大力发展新能源的同时，着力研发具有"自身被动调节能力"的新材料具有十分重要的意义。相变储湿复合材料是一种具有相变调温性能和储湿调湿性能的复合材料，它在建筑墙体材料领域具有大规模商业应用的潜力。本文首先对相变储湿复合材料的作用原理、相变材料的封装技术、调湿材料的分类与选择等方面作了简要的介绍；并就相变储湿复合材料在建筑墙体材料中的应用情况进行了具体的分析，详细指出了双壳微纳米相变胶囊、多元脂肪酸/SiO2相变储湿复合材料和癸酸-棕榈酸@Ce-La/TiO2复合材料的特点，详细评述了相变储湿复合材料存在的主要问题及其研究现状。在此基础上，指出优化相变储湿复合材料的耐久性、开发多功能型相变储湿复合材料是相变储湿复合材料未来的主要发展方向。
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张浩
臧君杰
李海丽
宗志芳
关键词 ： 相变储湿复合材料,  相变调温性能,  储湿调湿性能,  建筑墙体材料,  节能    
Abstract：

Currently, the utilization efficiency of energy still remains at low level, although the depletion of fossil fuel is approaching. Therefore, while vigorously developing new energy, it is of great significance to develop new materials with "passive self-adjustment ability". Phase change humidity storage composite materials is a kind of composite material with phase change and temperature controlling property and humidity storage and humidity controlling property, which are very promising in the field of building wall material. In this paper, the action principle of phase change humidity storage composite materials, packaging technique of phase change material, classification and selection of humidity-controlling material were introduced briefly in the first section. And then the application of phase change humidity storage composite materials in building wall material were reviewed and analyzed in detail. In the third part, characteristics of double-shell phase change micro-nano capsules, polyfatty acid/SiO2 phase change and humidity storage composite materials and decanoic acid-palmitic acid @ Ce-La/TiO2 composites were pointed out. Main problems and research status of phase change humidity storage composite materials were pointed. Finally, it was pointed out the optimized durability of phase change humidity storage composite materials, developing multi-functional phase change humidity storage composite materials are the main development directions of phase change humidity storage composite materials.
Key words： phase change humidity storage composite materials    phase change and temperature controlling property    humidity storage and humidity controlling property    building wall material    energy saving
收稿日期: 2020-08-20      出版日期: 2021-05-21
中图分类号:  TK11  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51206002);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2017M612051);高校优秀青年骨干人才国外访学研修项目(gxgwfx2018021);安徽省博士后研究人员科研活动经费资助项目(2017B168)
通讯作者: 张浩     E-mail: fengxu19821018@163.com
作者简介: 张浩(1982-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 研究方向为环保型建筑节能材料研究, 联系地址: 安徽省马鞍山市雨山区安徽工业大学(东校区)建筑工程学院(243032), fengxu19821018@163.com
引用本文:   
张浩, 臧君杰, 李海丽, 宗志芳. 相变储湿复合材料及其应用研究进展[J]. 材料工程, 2021, 49(5): 56-65.
Hao ZHANG, Jun-jie ZANG, Hai-li LI, Zhi-fang ZONG. Research status and application of phase change humidity storage composite materials. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2021, 49(5): 56-65.
链接本文:  
http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000792      或      http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V49/I5/56
Fig.1  相变储湿复合材料原理图
Core material Wall material Preparation method Phase change
temperature/℃		 Transformation
latent heat/
(J·g-1)		 Reference
n-Tetradecane Polyurea In-situ polymerization 42.0 134.2 [8]
n-Hexadecane Toluene diisocyanate & diamine Interfacial polymerization 37.0 48.0-66.0 [9]
n-Pentadecane Methyl methacrylate Suspension polymerization 28.0-43.0 97.0-107.0 [10]
n-Pentadecane Methyl methacrylate In-situ polymerization 9.0-10.0 97.0-107.0 [11]
n-Octadecane Polyurea Interfacial polymerization 30.0 241.2 [12]
n-Docosane Polymethyl methacrylate In-situ emulsion polymerization 50.0 54.6 [13]
n-Octadecane Sodium silicate precursor Sol-gel synthesis 31.0-36.0 87.5 [14]
Carboxylic acid Epoxy resin Interfacial polymerization 38.0 96.2 [15]
Table 1  相变微胶囊性能
Fig.2  双壳微纳米相变胶囊的FTIR(a)与SEM(b)测试结果[41]
N/cycle Phase transition
temperature/℃		 Phase change latent
heat/(J·g-1)
0 29.54 12.73
50 29.71 12.38
100 29.82 12.13
Table 2  石膏基双壳微纳米相变胶囊复合材料的储放热性能[41]
Fig.3  石膏基双壳微纳米相变胶囊复合材料的吸放湿性能[41]   (a)吸湿过程; (b)放湿过程
Fig.4  癸酸-棕榈酸/SiO2相变储湿复合材料的SEM(a)与LPSA(b)测试结果[44]
Fig.5  石膏基相变储湿复合材料的性能[43]
(a)步冷曲线; (b)吸湿过程的平衡含湿量; (c)放湿过程的平衡含湿量
Fig.6  癸酸-棕榈酸@Ce-La/TiO2复合材料的SEM(a)与吸附/脱附等温(b)测试结果[48]
Fig.7  癸酸-棕榈酸@Ce-La/TiO2复合材料用于面层抹灰石膏的性能协同示意图[48-49]
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