退火处理对含铒Al-Mg-Zn合金组织和性能的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.001006

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摘要

使用硬度测量、室温拉伸、光学显微镜（OM）、电子背散射衍射（EBSD）、透射电镜（TEM）等测试方法，对不同退火处理的Al-6.0Mg-1.0Zn-0.8Mn-0.2Cu-0.2Er-0.1Zr热轧板的室温拉伸性能、晶间腐蚀性能和合金的宏微观组织进行了系统研究。结果表明：合金板材的稳定化工艺窗口为230℃/18 h，240℃/6 h，250~270℃/2 h；在250℃/2 h退火后，合金板材的屈服强度为263 MPa，失重值为6.732 mg/cm²。结合力学性能和腐蚀性能，优选250℃/2 h为热轧板的最佳稳定化工艺。通过选区电子衍射和能谱图分析，发现晶界与晶内的析出相均为T-Mg₃₂（AlZn）₄₉相。经过250℃/2 h退火后，晶内T相逐渐长大回溶，形貌由方块状转变为短棒状。而T相在晶界处呈断续分布，且间距变大，所以呈现良好的耐蚀性。

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	高杰明
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	韩颖
	聂祚仁

关键词 ：含铒Al-Mg-Zn合金, 稳定化, 晶间腐蚀, T相, 力学性能

Abstract：

Effect of annealing treatment on tensile properties, intergranular corrosion, macrostructure and microstructure of Al-6.0Mg-1.0Zn-0.8Mn-0.2Cu-0.2Er-0.1Zr hot-rolled plate as studied by hardness testing, tensile testing, intergranular corrosion, OM, EBSD and TEM. The results show that the stabilization work window of the plate is 230℃/18 h, 240℃/6 h and 250-270℃/2 h. After 250℃/2 h, the alloy plate presents the best comprehensive performance with 263 MPa yield strength and 6.732 mg/cm² mass loss. 250℃/2 h is selected as the optimal stabilization process for hot rolled plate by combining the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Through selected area electron diffraction (SEAD) and energy spectrum analysis, the second phase at the grain boundary and in the grain are all the T-Mg₃₂(AlZn)₄₉ phases. After annealing at 250℃/2 h, the T phase in grains gradually grows up and re-dissolves, and the morphology changes from square to short rod. The T phase are discontinuous and the spacing becomes larger at grain boundary, which shows good corrosion resistance.

Key words： Er containing Al-Mg-Zn alloy stabilization intergranular corrosion T phase mechanical property

收稿日期: 2021-10-18 出版日期: 2022-11-17

中图分类号:	TG146.21
	TG146.453

基金资助:北京市教委科研计划科技一般项目(KM202110005010)

通讯作者: 魏午 E-mail: weiwu@bjut.edu.cn

作者简介: 魏午(1990—), 男, 讲师, 博士, 研究方向为复合微合金化铝合金, 联系地址: 北京市朝阳区平乐园100号北京工业大学新型功能材料教育部重点实验室(100124), E-mail: weiwu@bjut.edu.cn

引用本文:

高杰明, 黄晖, 石薇, 魏午, 文胜平, 韩颖, 聂祚仁. 退火处理对含铒Al-Mg-Zn合金组织和性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(11): 101-108.
Jieming GAO, Hui HUANG, Wei SHI, Wu WEI, Shengping WEN, Ying HAN, Zuoren NIE. Effect of annealing treatment on microstructure and property of Er-containing Al-Mg-Zn alloys. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(11): 101-108.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.001006 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I11/101

Table 1 实验合金化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧板显微硬度随退火温度变化曲线

Fig.2 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧板退火1 h偏光金相显微图
(a)225 ℃; (b)250 ℃; (c)275 ℃; (d)300 ℃; (e)325 ℃; (f)350 ℃; (g)375 ℃; (h)400 ℃

Fig.3 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧板在220~270 ℃退火1~72 h硝酸失重值随退火时间变化曲线

Fig.4 Al-Mg-Zn合金在不同退火态敏化后的金相照片
(a)220 ℃/48 h; (b)230 ℃/12 h; (c)240 ℃/48 h

Fig.5 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧板IGC变化曲线

Table 2 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧态和退火态拉伸性能和腐蚀性能

Fig.6 Al-Mg-Zn合金在不同状态下的XRD谱图

Fig.7 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧板敏化前的TEM照片
(a)变形回复组织；(b)晶界

Fig.8 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧板敏化后的TEM照片
(a)变形回复组织；(b)晶内T相；(c)图(b)对应的选区电子衍射；(d)晶界T相

Fig.9 Al-Mg-Zn合金在250 ℃/2 h退火敏化后的TEM照片
(a)变形回复组织；(b)晶界T相；(c)沿AlMn相界析出T相；(d)球形Al₃(Er, Zr)相

Fig.10 Al-Mg-Zn合金在250 ℃/2 h退火敏化后的暗场TEM组织及EDS分析
(a)暗场相；(b)Mg；(c)Zn；(d)Mn

Table 3 Al-Mg-Zn合金热轧态敏化后和250 ℃/2 h敏化退火态晶界、晶内析出相(尺寸、形貌、间距)统计

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