Ni-Mn基磁性形状记忆合金第二相的形成及其对相变和性能的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000534

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摘要

Ni-Mn基磁性形状记忆合金具有良好的温度场和磁场诱发的形状记忆效应、超弹性、磁热效应、磁阻效应、弹热效应、交换偏置效应等功能特性。作为一种新型多功能材料，有望应用于驱动器、传感器等多个工程领域。本文详细阐述了包含第二相的Ni-Mn基磁性形状记忆合金的研究现状，梳理和总结了第二相的形成及其对马氏体相变、功能特性和力学性能的影响，提出了一些有待解决的问题，如第二相对包括磁性形状记忆效应在内的磁功能特性的影响，并指出未来应着重于研究第二相形成与演化过程的热力学/动力学因素，对第二相进行合理调控，从而优化合金功能特性。

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	陈枫
	刘佩文
	许贤福
	田兵
	佟运祥
	李莉

关键词 ： Ni-Mn基合金, 磁性形状记忆合金, 第二相, 马氏体相变

Abstract：

Ni-Mn-based magnetic shape memory alloys have excellent shape memory effects induced by the temperature field and magnetic field, superelasticity, magnetocaloric effect, magnetoresistive effect, elastocaloric effect, exchange bias effect, etc. As a new type of multi-functional material, it is expected to be used in many engineering fields such as actuators, sensors and so on. The research status of Ni-Mn-based magnetic shape memory alloys containing the second phase was described in detail. The formation of the second phase and its influence on martensitic transformation, functional performance and mechanical properties were summarized. Several important and unresolved issues currently were presented, such as the impact of the second phase on magnetic functional properties including magnetic shape memory effect. It was pointed out that in future work, it is essential to study the thermodynamic and kinetic factors of the formation and evolution of the second phase, and properly regulate the second phase so as to optimize the functional properties of the alloys.

Key words： Ni-Mn-based alloy magnetic shape memory alloy secondary phase martensitic transf-ormation

收稿日期: 2020-06-15 出版日期: 2021-03-20

中图分类号:

TG139⁺.6

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51804105);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(3072020CF1003)

通讯作者: 陈枫 E-mail: chenfeng01@hrbeu.edu.cn

作者简介: 陈枫(1976-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 主要从事新型形状记忆合金、磁制冷合金、阻尼合金等方面研究, 联系地址: 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区南通大街145号哈尔滨工程大学基础楼251室(150001), E-mail: chenfeng01@hrbeu.edu.cn

引用本文:

陈枫, 刘佩文, 许贤福, 田兵, 佟运祥, 李莉. Ni-Mn基磁性形状记忆合金第二相的形成及其对相变和性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2021, 49(3): 20-30.
Feng CHEN, Pei-wen LIU, Xian-fu XU, Bing TIAN, Yun-xiang TONG, Li LI. Formation of second phase and its influence on transformation and properties of Ni-Mn-based magnetic shape memory alloys. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2021, 49(3): 20-30.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.000534 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V49/I3/20

Table 1 含第二相的Ni-Mn-Sn基合金系及第二相的表征(合金系中除薄带外，其余均为多晶块体)

Sample	Processing condition	Second phase
Sample	Processing condition	Morphology	Type	Distribution	Crystal structure	Composition
Ni₅₀Mn₂₉Ga_21-xGd_x(x=0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5)^[51-52]	Arc melting.Annealed at 800 ℃ for 24 h			Grain boundary		Gd(Ni, Mn)₄Ga
Ni₅₀Mn₂₅Ga₂₀Gd₅^[65]	Arc melting.Annealed at 900 ℃ for 5 h					Gd-rich
Ni₅₀Mn₂₈Ga_22-xY_x(x=0.2, 1, 3)^[50]	Arc melting.Annealed at 800 ℃ for 24 h			Grain boundary		Y-rich
Ni₅₀Mn₂₉Ga_21-xY_x(x=0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5)^[54]	Arc melting.Annealed at 800 ℃ for 24 h			Grain boundary		Y(Ni, Mn)₄Ga
Ni₅₀Mn₂₉Ga_21-xDy_x(x=0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5)^[59]	Arc melting.Annealed at 800 ℃ for 24 h			Grain boundary		Dy(Ni, Mn)₄Ga
Ni₅₀Mn₂₉Ga_21-xTb_x(x=0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1)^[56]	Arc melting.Annealed at 850 ℃ for 48 h			Grain boundary		Tb-rich
Ni_50-xTb_xMn₃₀Ga₂₀(x=0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1)^[57]	Arc melting.Annealed at 850 ℃ for 48 h			Grain boundary	HCP	Tb-rich, Mn-poor
Ni₅₃Mn_23.5Ga_18.5Ti₅^[40]	Arc melting.Annealed at 1000 ℃ for 5 h+aging at 600 ℃ for more than 10 min	Particulate to lenticular				Ni₃Ti
Ni₅₃Mn_23.5Ga_23.5-xTi_x (x=0.5, 2, 3.5, 5)^[41]	Arc melting.Annealed at 1000 ℃ for 5 h + aging at 900 ℃ for 3 h	Particulate		Grain boundary and grain interior		Ni_71.9Mn_7.0Ga_4.5Ti_16.6
Ni_50.5Mn_25-xFe_xGa_24.5 (x=17, 19)^[33]	Arc melting.Annealed at 800 ℃ for 4 d	Lenticular	γ			Ni₄₉Fe₃₂Ga₁₉
Ni₅₀Mn_15-xGa₂₀Fe_15+x (x=0, 5)^[66]	Arc melting.Annealed at 900 ℃ for 5 h		γ	Grain boundary and grain interior		Fe-rich
Ni₅₂Mn₁₀Fe₁₄Ga₂₄^[66]	Arc melting.Annealed at 900 ℃ for 5 h		γ	Grain boundary		Fe-rich
Ni_51.2Mn₂₀Fe₁₃Ga_15.8^[67]	Directional solidification.Annealed at 800 ℃ for 96 h	Particulate and strip-like	γ	Grain boundary		Ni₅₂Mn_17.8Fe_18.2Ga₁₂
(Ni_49.8Mn_28.5Ga_21.7)_100-xNb_x(x=3, 6, 9)^[44]	Arc melting.Annealed at 900 ℃ for 12 h	Particulate and branching		Grain boundary		Nb-rich
Ni₅₀Mn₂₅Ga₁₇Cu₄Zr₄^[43]	Arc melting.Annealed at 900 ℃ for 12 h	Fishbone-like	γ		FCC	Zr-rich
Ni₅₀Mn₂₅Ga₁₇Zr₈^[43]	Arc melting.Annealed at 900 ℃ for 12 h	Branching	γ		FCC	Zr-rich
Ni₃₀Cu₂₀Mn_41.5Ga_8.5^[39]	Arc melting.Annealed at 850 ℃ for 48 h	Thin plate-like		Grain boundary and grain interior		Ni_27.6Cu_23.7Mn_41.9Ga_6.8

Table 2 含第二相的Ni-Mn-Ga基合金系及第二相的表征(合金系均为多晶块体)

Table 3 含第二相的Ni-Mn-In基合金系及第二相的表征(合金系中除薄带和取向多晶外，其余均为多晶块体)

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