人工时效对激光选区熔化AlMg4.5Sc0.55Mn0.5Zr0.2合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000273

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摘要

采用激光选区熔化制备AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金，研究人工时效工艺参数对合金维氏硬度的影响规律，分析沉积态和优选时效态合金的室温拉伸性能和显微组织。结果表明：人工时效使该合金的维氏硬度由102HV提升至140HV以上。随着时效温度升高（305~335℃）或时效时间延长（1.5~48 h），维氏硬度呈现先增加、再降低、最后逐渐趋于稳定的规律。在315℃时效3 h或12 h后，合金的室温拉伸性能基本相当，无明显的各向异性；抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到470 MPa和410 MPa，断后伸长率保持在15.0%。力学性能的提升得益于人工时效过程中弥散析出且与基体共格的纳米增强颗粒Al₃（Sc，Zr）。

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	唐鹏钧
	房立家
	王兴元
	李沛勇
	张学军

关键词 ：激光选区熔化, AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金, 人工时效, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2 alloys were fabricated by selective laser melting.The effects of artificial ageing parameters on Vickers hardness of the alloy were investigated. The room temperature tensile properties and microstructures of as-built and optimized artificial ageing treated alloys were analyzed. Results indicate that the Vickers hardness of the alloy increases from 102HV to more than 140HV by artificial ageing treatment. As the rising of ageing temperature, ranging from 305℃ to 335℃, or prolongation of the ageing duration, from 1.5 h to 48 h, Vickers hardness presents increasing first, then decreasing and finally trends to be stable. The room temperature tensile properties of the alloys aged at 315℃ for 3 h or 12 h are almost equal, and there is no obvious anisotropy. The ultimate tensile strength and yield strength reach 470 MPa and 410 MPa respectively, with elongation of about 15.0%.The improvement of mechanical properties is due to the dispersion precipitation of nano-reinforced particles Al₃(Sc, Zr), which possess a coherent interface with the matrix during artificial ageing.

Key words： selective laser melting AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2 alloy artificial ageing microstructure mechanical property

收稿日期: 2021-03-29 出版日期: 2022-02-23

中图分类号:

TG146.2⁺1

通讯作者: 李沛勇 E-mail: pyli@vip.163.com

作者简介: 李沛勇(1967-), 男, 研究员, 博士, 研究方向为气体雾化/粉末冶金技术、粉末铝合金及铝基复合材料、镁合金等, 联系地址: 北京市81信箱2分箱(100095), E-mail: pyli@vip.163.com

引用本文:

唐鹏钧, 房立家, 王兴元, 李沛勇, 张学军. 人工时效对激光选区熔化AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金显微组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2022, 50(2): 84-93.
Pengjun TANG, Lijia FANG, Xingyuan WANG, Peiyong LI, Xuejun ZHANG. Effect of artificial ageing on microstructures and mechanical properties of selective laser melted AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2 alloy. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2022, 50(2): 84-93.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2021.000273 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V50/I2/84

Table 1 AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金粉末的化学成分(质量分数/%)

Fig.1 AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金粉末的形貌和粒度分布
(a)SEM形貌；(b)粒度分布

Fig.2 激光选区熔化AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金试棒示意图

Fig.3 沉积态AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金的DSC曲线

Fig.4 人工时效参数与维氏硬度变化规律
(a)不同温度时效3 h；(b)315 ℃时效不同时间

Fig.5 沉积态和时效态合金的拉伸应力-应变曲线

Table 2 不同状态激光选区熔化Al-Mg-Sc合金的室温拉伸性能

Fig.6 沉积态和时效态AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金的XRD图谱及组成相标定
(a)沉积态与不同温度时效3 h；(b)沉积态与315 ℃时效不同时间

Fig.7 沉积态和时效态AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金的金相组织形貌
(a)沉积态，//Z；(b)沉积态，⊥Z；(c)315 ℃时效3 h，//Z；(d)315 ℃时效12 h，//Z

Fig.8 不同状态AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金的EBSD形貌
(a)沉积态；(b)315 ℃时效12 h；(c)晶粒尺寸分布

Fig.9 不同状态AlMg_4.5Sc_0.55Mn_0.5Zr_0.2合金的TEM形貌及析出相的高分辨图
(a)沉积态；(b)315 ℃时效3 h；(c)315 ℃时效12 h；(d)析出相形貌；(e)析出相的IFFT图；(f)析出相与基体的SAED图

Fig.10 不同状态合金XY方向拉伸试样的断口形貌
(a)沉积态；(b)315 ℃时效3 h；(c)315 ℃时效12 h

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