钢/铝添加粉末激光焊接头界面组织与性能

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.000500

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摘要

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理，利用层技术构建钢/铝激光焊接的Fe/Al界面模型，研究金属原子X（X=Sn，Sr，Zr，Ce，La）置换Fe/Al界面模型中Fe（Al）原子的合金形成热及其体系电子结构。结果表明：Sn，Sr，Ce优先置换Fe/Al界面处的Al原子，而La，Zr优先置换Fe/Al界面处的Fe原子，合金化促进Fe/Al界面电子在不同轨道之间的转移，增强Fe-Al的离子键性能，提高Fe/Al界面结合能力，改善Fe/Al界面的脆性断裂，其中Sn的合金化效果最显著。在此基础上，进行1.4mm厚DC51D+ZF镀锌钢和1.2mm厚6016铝合金试件添加Sn，Zr粉的激光搭接焊实验，结果显示：添加粉末可促进焊接熔池的流动性，改变接头界面成分和显微组织，添加Sn粉激光焊钢/铝接头的抗拉强度327.41MPa，伸长率22.93%，较添加Zr粉和未添加粉末有了明显提高。

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	袁江
	周惦武
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	孙甲尧
	侯德政

关键词 ：钢/铝, 第一性原理, 激光搭接焊, Fe/Al界面

Abstract：

Based on first-principles density functional theory, the Fe/Al interface model of steel/aluminum laser welding was constructed by layer technique. The Fe/Al interface was studied by metal atom X (X=Sn, Sr, Zr, Ce, La).The results show that Sn, Sr and Ce preferentially displace the Al atoms at the Fe/Al interface, while La and Zr preferentially displace the Fe atoms at the Fe/Al interface. Alloying promotes the transfer of Fe/Al interfacial electrons between different orbits, enhances the ionic bond properties of Fe-Al, improves the Fe/Al interface binding capacity, improves the brittle fracture of Fe/Al interface, and the alloying effect of Sn most notable. On the basis of this, the laser lap welding test of Sn and Zr powder was carried out on 1.4mm thick DC51D+ZF galvanized steel and 1.2mm thick 6016 aluminum alloy specimen. The results show that the addition of powder can promote the flowability of the molten bath and change the composition and microstructure of the joint interface. The tensile strength of the steel/aluminum joint is 327.41MPa and the elongation is 22.93% with the addition of Sn powder, which is obviously improved compared with the addition of Zr powder and without the addition of powder.

Key words： steel/aluminum first-principles laser lap welding Fe/Al interface

收稿日期: 2016-05-10 出版日期: 2017-09-16

中图分类号:

TG113

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51674112);广东省科技计划项目(2013B091602002);广东省科技基础条件建设项目(2014B030301012);湖南省教育厅自然科学研究项目(15C1403);广州市重点实验室建设项目(201509010003)

通讯作者: 袁江 E-mail: 57121076@qq.com

作者简介: 袁江(1978-), 男, 副教授, 硕士, 从事车辆轻量化材料计算与设计理论, 联系地址:张家界航空工业职业技术学院航空维修工程系(427000), E-mail:57121076@qq.com

引用本文:

袁江, 周惦武, 陈胜迁, 孙甲尧, 侯德政. 钢/铝添加粉末激光焊接头界面组织与性能[J]. 材料工程, 2017, 45(9): 123-128.
Jiang YUAN, Dian-wu ZHOU, Sheng-qian CHEN, Jia-yao SUN, De-zheng HOU. Interfacial Microstructure and Properties of Steel/Aluminum Powder Additive. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2017, 45(9): 123-128.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.000500 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2017/V45/I9/123

Fig.1 计算模型
(a)Al(110) 面；(b)Fe(100) 面；(c)Fe/Al界面

Fig.2 Fe/Al添粉激光焊示意图

Table 1 Fe和Al相的体性质

Table 2 X合金化前后Fe/Al界面的合金形成热

Table 3 X合金化前后Fe/Al界面的Mulliken电子占据数

Fig.3 添加粉前后的钢/铝试样断口形貌
(a)未添加粉；(b)添加Zr粉；(c)添加Sn粉

Fig.4 焊接接头不同区域的线扫描EDS成分分析
(a)钢/铝；(b)钢/锆/铝；(c)钢/锡/铝

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