溶液静电纺丝制备热塑性聚酰亚胺超细纤维无纺布

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.000766

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摘要

为实现热塑性聚酰亚胺（LPI）无纺布的宏量制备奠定基础，以N-N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMAc）为溶剂，采用静电纺丝技术成功制备了平均直径范围为0.36~1.47μm的LPI超细纤维，系统探讨了纺丝液浓度、流速以及纺丝电压等工艺条件对LPI纤维形貌和直径的影响。结果表明：随着浓度从22%（质量分数，下同）增加到30%，LPI纤维的平均直径显著增大，同时直径分布逐渐变宽，并且在纺丝溶液浓度较低时，有纺锤状纤维存在，随着溶液浓度上升，纺锤状纤维消失，随浓度继续上升，纤维开始产生粘连。纺丝电压的改变对纤维的形貌和平均直径变化不显著；随着流速增加，纤维平均直径随之增大，当流速大于1.5mL/h时，开始出现纤维粘连，大于1.8mL/h时，出现纺锤状纤维。通过优化工艺条件，在LPI浓度28%，电压15kV，流速1.2mL/h，温度30℃，接收距离25cm条件下，制备了平均直径为1.18μm的纤维。

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	陈俊
	张代军
	张天骄
	包建文
	钟翔屿
	张朋
	刘巍

关键词 ：聚酰亚胺, 静电纺丝, 超细纤维, 微观形貌

Abstract：

The superfine fiber of thermoplastic polyimide(LPI), whose average diameter ranges from 0.36μm to 1.47μm, was prepared through electrospinning with DMAc as solvent. It lays a good foundation for the mass preparation of LPI non-woven. The influence of electrospinning process conditions, including LPI concentration, flow rate and voltage, on morphology of LPI fiber was investigated systematically. The results show that the average diameter increases and the fibers diameter distribution turns wider with the LPI concentration increasing from 22%(mass fraction, same as below) to 30%. Meanwhile, when the concentration is rather lower, some cambiform fibers can be observed. As the concentration increases, the cambiform fiber disappears. While the concentration increases continually, the fibers are adhered to be flakiness. The change of the spinning voltage makes little difference on the average diameter of fibers; the average diameter of fibers increases with the increase of the flow rate of LPI solution; when the flow rate is more than 1.5mL/h, the fibers start to be adhered, the cambiform fibers appear while the flow rate is over 1.8mL/h. Through optimizing the process, the LPI fibers with average diameter of 1.18μm were prepared under 30℃ with the conditions of 28% concentration, 15kV voltage, 1.2mL/h flow rate and the 25cm receiving distance.

Key words： polyamide electrospinning ultrafine fiber microstructure

收稿日期: 2016-06-22 出版日期: 2018-02-01

中图分类号:

TB332

通讯作者: 张天骄 E-mail: clyztj@bift.edu.cn

作者简介: 张天骄(1972-), 女, 副教授, 博士, 主要从事高性能纤维的研究, 联系地址:北京服装学院材料楼415(100029), E-mail: clyztj@bift.edu.cn

引用本文:

陈俊, 张代军, 张天骄, 包建文, 钟翔屿, 张朋, 刘巍. 溶液静电纺丝制备热塑性聚酰亚胺超细纤维无纺布[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(2): 41-49.
Jun CHEN, Dai-jun ZHANG, Tian-jiao ZHANG, Jian-wen BAO, Xiang-yu ZHONG, Peng ZHANG, Wei LIU. Preparation of Thermoplastic Polyimide Ultrafine Fiber Nonwovens by Electrospinning. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(2): 41-49.

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http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.000766 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V46/I2/41

Fig.1 不同浓度的LPI-A溶液外观

Fig.2 不同浓度的LPI-A溶液黏度图

Fig.3 不同LPI-A浓度下纤维的形貌
(a)22% LPI-A; (b)24% LPI-A; (c)26% LPI-A; (d)28% LPI-A; (e)30% LPI-A

Fig.4 不同LPI-A浓度下纤维的直径分布
(a)22% LPI-A; (b)24% LPI-A; (c)26% LPI-A; (d)28% LPI-A; (e)30% LPI-A

Fig.5 LPI-A纤维平均直径与浓度的关系

Fig.6 不同电压下LPI-A纤维的形貌
(a)13kV; (b)15kV; (c)17kV; (d)19kV; (e)20kV

Fig.7 不同电压下LPI-A纤维的直径分布
(a)13kV; (b)15kV; (c)17kV; (d)19kV; (e)20kV

Fig.8 LPI-A纤维平均直径与电压的关系

Fig.9 不同流速下LPI-A纤维的形貌
(a)0.3mL/h; (b)0.6mL/h; (c)0.9mL/h; (d)1.2mL/h; (e)1.5mL/h; (f)1.8mL/h

Fig.10 不同流速下LPI-A纤维的直径分布
(a)0.3mL/h; (b)0.6mL/h; (c)0.9mL/h; (d)1.2mL/h; (e)1.5mL/h; (f)1.8mL/h

Fig.11 LPI-A纤维平均直径与流速的关系

Fig.12 LPI-A纤维无纺布照片

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