梯度结构Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-(W, Ti) C-TiN-Mo-Ni纳米金属陶瓷刀具材料的设计及制备

doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.001286

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摘要

基于对高速硬切削时刀具应力和温度分布，以及刀具内部疲劳裂纹扩展仿真分析，提出一个组分含量分布和微观结构具有梯度特征的设计模型。通过韧性相的添加和梯度结构的引入，实现疲劳裂纹扩展速率的减缓，从而提高刀具寿命。采用二阶段热压烧结工艺制备出具有梯度结构的Al₂O₃-（W，Ti）C-TiN-Mo-Ni纳米复合刀具材料，并对其微观结构和力学性能进行研究。结果表明：所制备的梯度结构金属陶瓷材料表层硬度、内层的断裂韧度和抗弯强度分别达到19.258GPa，10.015MPa·m^1/2和1017.475MPa，满足高速硬切削刀具的性能要求。材料的断口出现韧窝和黏结相撕裂形成的断裂棱，有利于断裂韧度和抗弯强度的增强，从而提高刀具抗疲劳裂纹扩展能力。

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关键词 ：梯度结构, 金属陶瓷, 疲劳裂纹, 结构设计, 热压烧结

Abstract：

Based on the analysis on temperature and stress distributions, as well as fatigue crack propagation in cutting tools, a model for designing compositional distribution and microstructure with graded characteristics was proposed. The addition of ductile phase and the introduction of the graded structure are beneficial to slow down the fatigue crack propagation rate and improve tool life.Al₂O₃-(W, Ti)C-TiN-Mo-Ni nano-composite tool material with graded structures was fabricated via two stage hot pressing sintering process, and the microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The results show that the surface hardness, fracture toughness of inner layer and bending strength of the cermet with sintered gradient structure reach 19.258GPa, 10.015MPa·m^1/2 and 1017.475MPa, respectively.The performance requirements to cutting tools were met. The dimple cleavage and torn edge of the binding phase in the fracture surfaces can be beneficial to the improvement of the fracture toughness and bending strength, so the resistance to fatigue crack propagation of tools is improved.

Key words： graded structure cermet fatigue crack structure design hot-pressing sintering

收稿日期: 2016-10-24 出版日期: 2018-02-01

中图分类号:

TQ174

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51475273)

通讯作者: 赵军 E-mail: zhaojun@sdu.edu.cn

作者简介: 赵军(1967-), 男, 教授, 博士, 研究方向:高效切削刀具, 联系地址:山东省济南市经十路17923号山东大学机械工程学院(250061), E-mail: zhaojun@sdu.edu.cn

引用本文:

倪秀英, 赵军, 孙加林, 李洪江, 侯冠明, 田源. 梯度结构Al₂O₃-(W, Ti) C-TiN-Mo-Ni纳米金属陶瓷刀具材料的设计及制备[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(2): 50-56.
Xiu-ying NI, Jun ZHAO, Jia-lin SUN, Hong-jiang LI, Guan-ming HOU, Yuan TIAN. Design and Fabrication of Al₂O₃-(W, Ti)C-TiN-Mo-Ni Nano-composite Cermet Tool Materials with Graded Structures. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(2): 50-56.

链接本文:

http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.001286 或 http://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V46/I2/50

Fig.1 有限元模型及仿真结果 (a)切削仿真模型；(b)最大主应力场；(c)温度场

Fig.2 切削疲劳裂纹仿真(a)和实验结果(b)

Fig.3 5层对称梯度结构材料模型

Table 1 不同纳米复合材料的组成(体积分数/%)

Table 2 5层对称型梯度结构金属陶瓷刀具材料设计

Fig.4 样品A的横剖面(a)及红色框内的Al(b)和Ni(c)元素面分布图

Table 3 梯度纳米复合材料的力学性能

Fig.5 梯度结构材料断口各层的SEM图 (a)样品A；(b)样品D；(1)第1层；(2)第2层；(3)第3层

Fig.6 样本A抛光面的SEM图 (a)第1层；(b)第3层

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