碳/碳复合材料的氧化敏感性限制了它的应用,为满足未来宇航飞行器等对高温结构材料的需要,必须彻底解决碳/碳复合材料的氧化防护问题。本文在认真分析碳/碳复合材料氧化过程的基础上,全面总结了提高碳/碳复合材料的抗氧化途径,其具体方法包括:材料内部结构、纤维、基体的改进和用各种方法在其表面施加保护涂层。同时,进一步发现:一种包括硼酸盐玻璃作内涂层,以SiC、Si₃N₄、SiO₂等作为外涂层的多层涂层系统,能在1700℃以下对碳/碳复合材料提供较好的防护。

The physico-mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites make them an ideal material for many aerospace applications. However, because carbon/carbon composites are easily destroyed by oxidation, they must be protected in order to utilize their full potential. In this paper, the oxidation mechanism of carbon/carbon composites are summaried fully, generally, two approaches to oxidation protection have been taken-the application of suitable coatings and internal protection methods. As pointed out in the further discussion, a kind of oxidation-protection sysytem is composed of a carbon/carbon composite substrate with borate glassformers in the carbon matrix, and an inner coating of borate glassformers and an outer coating of SiC, Si₃N₄ SiO₂, such a sysytem has shown oxidation resistance for hundreds of hours of cycling between roon temperature and 1700℃.